Bacteria Pathogen Quiz

Fusobacterium species

Periodontal Disease (inflammation of the gums and bone that surround and support the teeth)

Lemierre Syndrome (occurs in healthy teenagers and young adults. The infection originates in the throat and spreads via a septic thrombophlebitis of the tonsillar vein and internal jugular vein)

Skin Ulcers (open sore caused by poor blood flow)

Streptobacillus moniliformis

Rat-bite Fever (Fever, Vomiting, Headache, Muscle pain, Joint pain or swelling (about 5 in 10 people with RBF have this), Rash (occurs in about 3 out of 4 people with RBF))

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Alphaproteobacteria)

Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA)

Fever, Severe headache, Muscle aches, Chills and shaking, Less frequent symptoms of anaplasmosis include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, weight loss, abdominal pain, cough, diarrhea, aching joints and change in mental status.

Bartonella henselae (Alphaproteobacteria)

Peliosis Hepatitis (a vascular condition in which the sinusoids of the liver proliferate, resulting in engorgement of the capillary bed and cavities within the liver.)

Bacillary Angiomatosis (neovascular proliferation in the skin or the internal organs (peliosis))

Endocarditis (Swelling of the heart chambers or valves)

Bacteremia (bacteria in the blood)

Bartonella quintana (Alphaproteobacteria)

Trench fever, spread by lice (Fever episodes lasting for one to five days are associated with nonspecific and varying symptoms such as severe headache, tenderness or pain in the shin, weakness, anorexia or abdominal pain.)

Brucella melitensis (Alphaproteobacteria)

Ovine brucellosis is a disease of sheep that causes infertility in rams, resulting in low scanning or lambing percentages. Malta fever occurs when humans ingest unpasteurized milk or cheese from infected goats or sheep

Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Alphaproteobacteria)

Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is a relatively newly documented disease (1987) caused by a bacterium that develops within white blood cells of mammals.

Rickettsia prowazekii (Alphaproteobacteria)

Epidemic Typhus (Common symptoms include high fever, headache, chills, tiredness and muscle aches. About half of people who are infected develop a flat red rash that begins on the back, chest and stomach and then spreads to the rest of the body except for the face, palms and soles)

Rickettsia rickettsii (Alphaproteobacteria)

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (ticks). Bacterial disease spread through the bite of an infected tick. Most people who get sick with RMSF will have a fever, headache, and rash. RMSF can be deadly if not treated early with the right antibiotic.

Rickettsia typhi (Alphaproteobacteria)

Murine (mouse) Typhus. Flea-borne typhus is spread to people through contact with infected fleas. Fleas become infected when they bite infected animals, such as rats, cats, or opossums.

Bordetella pertussis (Betaproteobacteria)

Pertussis (Also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Pertussis is known for uncontrollable, violent coughing which often makes it hard to breathe.)

Eikenella species (Betaproteobacteria)

Bite-Injury Infections

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Betaproteobacteria)

Gonorrhea- sexual

Neisseria meningitidis (Betaproteobacteria)

Meningitis (an inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Spirillum minus (Betaproteobacteria)

Sodoku (rate-bite fever) Spirillary rat-bite fever (RBF), also known as Sodoku (Japanese for so: rat and doku: poison), is caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Spirillum minus and is transmitted to humans through the bites and scratches of rats. The disease is mostly present in Asia.

Campylobacter jejuni (Epsilonproteobacteria)

Gastroenteritis (a short-term illness triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system.)

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (a rare disorder in which your body's immune system attacks your nerves. Weakness and tingling in your hands and feet are usually the first symptoms. These sensations can quickly spread, eventually paralyzing your whole body.)

Helicobacter pylori (Epsilonproteobacteria)

Gastric Ulcers (open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach.)

Aeromonas hydrophila (Gammaproteobacteria)

Dysenteric gastroenteritis (infection of the intestines that causes diarrhea containing blood or mucus)

Coxiella burnetii (Gammaproteobacteria)

Q Fever (mild disease with flu-like symptoms. Many people have no symptoms at all. In a small percentage of people, the infection can resurface years later. This more deadly form of Q fever can damage your heart, liver, brain and lungs)

Enterobacter species (Gammaproteobacteria)

Urinary and Respiratory Tract Infections

Escherichia coli STEC, EHEC, VTEC

Foodborne diarrhea

Hemorrhagic Colitis (severe cramping (abdominal pain) and diarrhea which is initially watery but becomes grossly bloody. Occasionally, vomiting occurs. Fever is either low-grade or absent)

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (causes destruction of red blood cells, which can then cause kidney failure. HUS occurs as a complication of a diarrheal infection)

Escherichia coli ETEC

Traveler's diarrhea

Escherichia coli EPEC

Diarrhea, especially in young children

Escherichia coli EAEC

Diarrheal disease in children and travelers

Escherichia coli DAEC

Diarrheal disease in children

Escherichia coli EPEC

Bacillary Dysentery (cells invade intestinal epithelial cells)

Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria)

Tularemia (rabbit fever or deer fly fever, it typically attacks the skin, eyes, lymph nodes and lungs. Mainly affects rabbits, hares, and rodents, such as muskrats and squirrels)

Haemophilus influenzae (Gammaproteobacteria)

Bacteremia (the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood)

Pneumonia (an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs)

Meningitis (an inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gammaproteobacteria)

Pneumonia (an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs)

Nosocomial (hospital caused) infections

Legionella pneumophila (Gammaproteobacteria)

Legionnaire's disease (serious type of pneumonia (lung infection) People can get sick when they breathe in small droplets of water or accidently swallow water containing Legionella into the lungs)

Moraxella catarrhalis (Gammaproteobacteria)

Otitis media (Middle ear infection)

Bronchitis (airways in the lungs, called bronchial tubes, become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus)

Sinusitis (infection, growths in the sinuses (nasal polyps) or swelling of the lining of your sinuses.)

Laryngitis (inflammation of your voice box (larynx) from overuse, irritation or infection)

Pneumonia (an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs)

Pasteurella species (Gammaproteobacteria)

Pasteurellosis (welling, cellulitis, and some bloody drainage at the wound site within 24 hours after the bite)

Plesiomonas shigelloides (Gammaproteobacteria)

Gastroenteritis (short-term illness triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system)

Proteus species (Gammaproteobacteria)

Opportunistic Urinary Tract Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gammaproteobacteria)

Opportunistic Infections

Nosocomial Infections (hospital caused)

Pneumonia (an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs)

Sepsis (when an infection you already have triggers a chain reaction throughout your body. Infections that lead to sepsis most often start in the lung, urinary tract, skin, or gastrointestinal tract)

Salmonella bongori (Gammaproteobacteria)

Salmonellosis (an infection with a bacteria called Salmonella, Salmonella live in the intestinal tracts of animals, including birds. Salmonella are usually transmitted to humans by eating foods contaminated with animal feces.) B

Salmonella enterica (Gammaproteobacteria)

Salmonellosis (an infection with a bacteria called Salmonella, Salmonella live in the intestinal tracts of animals, including birds. Salmonella are usually transmitted to humans by eating foods contaminated with animal feces.) E

Serratia species (Gammaproteobacteria)

Pneumonia (an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs)

Urinary Tract Infections

Shigella dysenteriae (Gammaproteobacteria)

Dysentery (diarrhea) D

Shigella boydii (Gammaproteobacteria)

Dysentery (diarrhea) B

Shigella flexneri (Gammaproteobacteria)

Dysentery (diarrhea) F

Shigella sonnei (Gammaproteobacteria)

Dysentery (diarrhea) S

Vibrio cholerae (Gammaproteobacteria)

Cholera (acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibrio cholerae bacteria. People can get sick when they swallow food or water contaminated with cholera bacteria. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can sometimes be severe and life-threatening)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Gammaproteobacteria)

Seafood Gastroenteritis

Vibrio vulnificus (Gammaproteobacteria)

Seafood Gastroenteritis

Necrotizing Wound Infections (soft tissue infection that is a serious, life-threatening condition. It can destroy skin, muscle, and other soft tissues. A wound infection that is especially painful, hot, draining a gray liquid, or accompanied by a high fever, or other systemic symptoms needs immediate medical attention)

Septicemia (the clinical name for blood poisoning by bacteria. It is the body's most extreme response to an infection. Sepsis that progresses to septic shock has a death rate as high as 50%, depending on the type of organism involved. Sepsis is a medical emergency and needs urgent medical treatment.)

Yersinia enterocolitica (Gammaproteobacteria)

Yersiniosis (associated with eating raw or undercooked meat. Fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, which is often bloody)

Yersinia pestis (Gammaproteobacteria)

Plague (Plague is a serious bacterial infection that's transmitted primarily by fleas. Yersinia pestis, lives in small rodents. The organism is transmitted to humans who are bitten by fleas that have fed on infected rodents or by humans handling infected animals.

Known as the Black Death during medieval times, today plague occurs in fewer than 5,000 people a year worldwide. It can be deadly if not treated promptly with antibiotics. The most common form of plague results in swollen and tender lymph nodes — called buboes — in the groin, armpits or neck. The rarest and deadliest form of plague affects the lungs, and it can be spread from person to person.)

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Gammaproteobacteria)

Far East Scarlet-Like Fever (red skin rash usually of the face, elbows, and knees, skin desquamation, exanthema, red tongue, toxic shock syndrome.)

Haemophilus ducreyi

Chanchroid

Borrelia burgdorferi

Lyme Disease (transmitted to humans through the bite of infected blacklegged ticks. Typical symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans)

Borrelia hermsii

Tic-borne relapsing fever (The main symptoms of TBRF are high fever, headaches, and muscle and joint aches.)

Borrelia recurrentis

Louse-borne relapsing fever. Humans are the only reservoir. Symptoms include high fever, general malaise, chills and sweats, headache, meningism, myalgia/arthralgia and non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea and vomiting).

Leptospira interrogans

Leptospirosis (Leptospirosis is a rare bacterial infection we get from animals. It's spread through their urine, especially from dogs, rodents, and farm animals. They may not have any symptoms, but they can be carriers.
In most cases, leptospirosis is unpleasant but not life-threatening, like a case of the flu.)

Treponema pallidum

Syphilis (spread by sexual contact. The disease starts as a painless sore — typically on the genitals, rectum or mouth. Syphilis spreads from person to person via skin or mucous membrane contact with these sores)

Bejel (chronic infection characterized by eruptions initially in the mouth and on the skin and typically later involving the bones. Bejel is a nonvenereal form of syphilis)

Pinta (a rare infectious tropical disease affecting the skin which is transmitted by direct, nonsexual contact)

Yaws (a tropical infection of the skin, bones, and joints)

Mycoplasma genitalium

Urethritis (an inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra, the tube that takes urine (pee) from your bladder to the outside of your body)

Cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix)

Mycoplasma hominis

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (infection of a woman's reproductive organs)

Bacterial Vaginosis (overgrowth of bacteria naturally found in the vagina, which upsets the natural balance)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Ureaplasma urealyticum

Urethritis (an inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the urethra, the tube that takes urine (pee) from your bladder to the outside of your body)

Fetal Infections (infection of the baby while in utero)

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Diptheria; organism has human reservoir; toxoid immunization; until 1935 it was the #1 killer of children (USA).

Gardnerella vaginalis

Bacterial vaginosis

Micrococcus species

Opportunistic Infections

Mycobacterium bovis

Tuberculosis, transmitted from cattle; could be transmitted from nonhuman primates

Mycobacterium leprae

Hansen's disease (leprosy)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB)

Propionibacterium acnes

Acne
Blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids)
Endophthalmitis (a purulent inflammation of the intraocular fluids <vitreous and aqueous> usually due to infection)

Prevotella intermedia

Periodontal disease (the result of infections and inflammation of the gums and bone that surround and support the teeth)

Porphyromonas species

Periodontal disease (the result of infections and inflammation of the gums and bone that surround and support the teeth) PS

Chlamydia psittaci

Psittacosis (In humans, the symptoms are fever, headache, chills, muscle pains, cough, and sometimes breathing difficulty or pneumonia. If left untreated, the disease can be severe, and even result in death, especially in older people.)

Chlamydia trachomatis

Sexually Transmitted Chlamydia (a common STD that can cause infection among both men and women. It can cause permanent damage to a woman's reproductive system.)

Bacillus anthracis

Anthrax

Bacillus cereus

Diarrheal and emetic (vomiting) food poisoning

Listeria monocytogenes

Listeriosis (People become infected by eating foods contaminated with the bacteria. Listeria may infect many different sites in the body, such as the brain, spinal cord membranes, or the bloodstream)

Enterococcus faecalis

Endocarditis (a life-threatening inflammation of the inner lining of the heart's chambers and valves)

Septicemia (blood poisoning by bacteria)

Urinary Tract Infection ((UTI) is an infection in any part of your urinary system — your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.

Meningitis (an inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord)

Staphylococcus aureus

Skin infections

Sinusitis (infection, growths in the sinuses (nasal polyps) or swelling of the lining of your sinuses)

Food poisoning

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Nosocomial (hospital caused)

Opportunistic infections (infections that occur more often or are more severe in people with weakened immune systems than in people with healthy immune systems.)

Staphylococcus hominis

Nosocomial infections of skin areas that are rich in apocrine (sweat) glands

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Urinary Tract Infections

Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus Infection)

Postpartum endometritis (an infection that some women develop after giving birth)

Neonatal sepsis (blood infection that occurs in an infant younger than 90 days old)

Streptococcus mutans

Tooth decay

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Pneumonia and other infections

Streptococcus pyogenes

Pharyngitis (an inflammation of the pharynx, resulting in a sore throat)

Scarlet Fever (bacterial illness that develops in some people who have strep throat. Also known as scarlatina, scarlet fever features a bright red rash that covers most of the body. Scarlet fever almost always includes a sore throat and a high fever)

Impetigo (common and highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and young children)

Necrotizing Fasciitis (a rare bacterial infection that spreads quickly, killing cells in its path and can cause death)

Clostridium botulinum

Botulinum poisoning (Botulism) Botulism poisoning is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin that attacks the body's nerves

Clostridium difficile

Colitis (chronic digestive disease characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon); diarrhea

Clostridium perfringens

Food poisoning (illness caused by eating contaminated food)

Gas Gangrene (Bacteria gather in an injury or surgical wound that has no blood supply. The bacterial infection produces toxins that release gas and cause tissue death)

Clostridium tetani

Tetanus (bacteria produce a poison (toxin) that causes painful muscle contractions. Another name for tetanus is "lockjaw". It often causes a person's neck and jaw muscles to lock, making it hard to open the mouth or swallow)