therapeutic communication

Accepting

"yes" "im following you"

Broad openings

allowing the client to take initiative in introducing the subject "where would you like to start"

Consensual validation

searching for mutual understanding, for accord in the meaning of words

Encouraging comparison

asking that similarities and differences be noted

Encouraging description of perception

asking the client to verbalize what they percieve

Encouraging expression

asking the client to appraise the quality of their experiences

Exploring:

delving further into a subject or an idea

Focusing

concentrating on a single point

Formulating an action plan

asking the client to consider kinds of behavior likely to be in appropriate future situations

General leads

giving encouragement to continue "Go on" "And then?"

-Giving recognition

acknowledging, indicating awareness

Making observations

verbalizing what the nurse percieves

-Offering self

making oneself avaliable

-Placing event in time or sequence

clarifying the relationship of events in time

Presenting reality

offering for consideration that which is real

Reflecting

directing clients actions, thoughts, and feelings back to reality

Restating

repeating the main idea expressed

-Seeking information

seeking to make clear that which is not meaningful or that which is vague

-Silence

absence of verbal communication, which provides time for the client to put thoughts or feelings into words, regain composure, or continue talking

Suggesting collaboration

: offering to share, strive, and to work with the client for their benefit

Summarizing

: organizing and summing up

-Translating into feelings

: verbalize indirect client feelings

Verbalizing the implied

: voicing what the client hinted/suggested

-Voicing doubt

: expressing uncertainty about the reality of clients perceptions