Blood Bank Exam 2: RBC Antibody Detection & Identification

when is antibody detection important in the lab (5)

pre transfusion testing

compatibility testing

HTR prevention

immune hemolytic anemia

monitoring of HDFN

what are the expected antibodies

ABO antibodies

what are the classes of unexpected antibodies (3)

immune alloantibodies

naturally occuring

passively acquired

how can we be exposed to immune alloantibodies (3)

transfusion

transplantation

pregnancy

how do naturally occurring unexpected antibodies happen

environmental sources: pollen, fungi, bacteria

how are passively acquired antibodies gotten (2)

mom to baby

donor to recipient

clinically significant antibodies are usually this class

IgG

clinically insignificant antibodies are usually this class

IgM

methods of Ab detection (3)

test tube

column

solid phase

three phases of test tube Ab detection

IS

37 degree

IAT

what are the three reasons why check cells wouldn't check

poor washing

forgot to add AHG

AHG not working

what is the purpose of adding LISS in Ab detection

lowers TOT

what is the purpose of adding PEG in Ab detection

lowers TOT

increases the strength of the reaction

in gel/collumn agglutination testing, when the result is positive it looks like this

blood at the top

in gel/collumn agglutination testing, when the result is negative it looks like this

blood at the bottom

in solid phase testing, when the result is positive it looks like this

solid/hemolysis

in solid phase testing, when the result is negative it looks like this

button

what is in polyspecific AHG

anti-IgG and anti-C3d

what is in monospecific AHG (in MU lab)

anti-IgG

potential limitations to Ab detection (3)

when we have very little Ab we may not be able to detect.

uncommon Ab aren't tested for

dosage may not be detected

common things that can effect the sensitivity of Ab detection (3)

cell/serum ratio

temp

length of incubation

when should we run an Ab pannel

when Ab screen is positive at any stage

4 steps of Ab identification (4)

rule out the presence of alloantibodies

rule in the presence of alloantibodies

Ag type to confirm the patient lacks the corresponding Ag

assess antibody significance and implication in transfusion

a single dose means the patient is

heterozygous

a double dose means the patient is

homozygous

single dose gets this mark on the sheet

one slash

double dose gets this mark on the sheet

X

when doing an antigen type we need these three tubes (3)

test (patient sample)

positive heterozygous control

negative control

the positive control in antigen typing must be

heterozygous