Mesopotamia
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22 Terms
Mesopotamia
An ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, known as the cradle of civilization.
City states
Independent, sovereign cities and their surrounding territories, often found in ancient Mesopotamia.
Tigris and Euphrates river
Two major rivers in Mesopotamia that provided water for agriculture and supported early civilizations.
Sumerians
The first known civilization in Mesopotamia, credited with inventions like cuneiform and the wheel.
Ur, Erech, Sumer, Kish, and Lagash
Famous Sumerian city-states known for their contributions to early civilization.
Cuneiform
The first known system of writing, developed by the Sumerians.
Ploughing and sailboat
Innovations by the Sumerians that advanced agriculture and transportation.
Akkadians
A civilization that took over the Sumerians and established the world’s first empire.
Sargon the Great
The Akkadian ruler who conquered the Sumerians and expanded the Akkadian Empire.
Akkadian Kingdom
Recognized as the world's first empire, established by Sargon the Great.
Babylonians
Civilization that succeeded the Akkadians, known for their cultural and legal achievements.
Hammurabi
The sixth king of Babylon, known for creating a comprehensive code of laws.
Hammurabi's Code
A set of laws established by Hammurabi, one of the earliest examples of written legal codes.
Unified Mesopotamia
What Hammurabi achieved by consolidating various city-states under his rule.
Hittites/Kassites
Civilizations that succeeded the Babylonians in Mesopotamia, contributing to its history.
Assyrians
A powerful civilization that succeeded the Hittites, known for their military prowess.
Assur
The capital city of the Assyrian Empire.
1000 BCE - 612 BCE
The timeframe during which the Assyrian Empire thrived.
Ashurbanipal
The last great ruler of the Assyrian Empire, known for his collection of Sumerian writings.
Chaldeans
Civilization that succeeded the Assyrians; notably known for their contributions to astronomy.
King Nebuchadnezzar
The Chaldean king known for rebuilding Babylon and creating the Hanging Gardens.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, built by King Nebuchadnezzar.