HIV treatment and resistance

all done

HIV what type of virus + descr

enveloped, lentivirus (subgroup of retroviridae), ssRNA, in host cell is reverse transcranscribed to dsDNA and integrated into host genome

steps of HIV replication cycle

fusion and entry, RT turns RNA into HIV DNA, viral integrase integrate into genome, it is transcribed/translated and then budding/maturation

medication classes for HIV (7)

NRTI (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors), NNRTI (non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors), Protease inhibitors, INSTI (Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors), fusion inhibitor, entry inhibitor, Pharmacokinetic enhancer (boosts other HIV drugs)

3 types of difficulties w/ ART + egs

adverse effects (nausea, diarrhea, fatigue etc)
interactions (w/ statins, heart drugs, etc)
resistance (insufficient drug pressure due to incompliance, uptake of medication, prior mutations)

error rate of RT

1 in every 5,000-7,000

if a resistance mutation is detected what happens?

it will always be present and can come back even 20 yrs down the line

eg of drugs that need >3, 2-3 and 1 mutation for virus to gain resistance

>3 : dolutegravir
2-3: AZT
1: raltegravir