Chapter 36: Plant Nutrition

Biologists

________ define an essential nutrient as an element or compound at is required for normal growth and reproduction means that the plant can not complete its life cycle without it.

toxic substances

Proteins in the tonoplast membrane allow plants to actively remove ________ from the cytosol and store them in the vacuole.

Essential nutrients

________ can not be synthesized by the organism.

Nod factors

________, in turn, bind to signaling proteins on the membrane surface of root hairs.

rhizobia

When ________ contact the flavonoids, the bacteria respond by producing sugar- containing molecules called Nod factors.

uptake occurs

Most nutrient ________ just above the growing root tip, in the region called the zone of maturation.

Leghemoglobin

________ is related to the hemoglobin at carries oxygen in your blood.

Hydroponic growth

________ takes place in liquid cultures, without soil, so researchers can precisely control the availability of each nutrient.

loss of nutrients

The ________ via the movement of water through soil is called leaching.

Carnivorous plants

________ trap insects and other animals, kill them, and then digest the prey to absorb their nutrients.

parasitic plants

Some ________ are non- hotosynthetic and obtain all of their nutrition by tapping into the vascular tissue of the host individual they are heterotrophs, organisms that obtain food by consuming other organisms.

Proton pumps

________ aids in the absorption of certain ions by establishing a relatively high concentration of protons on the outside of root epidermal cells.

Cation exchange

________ occurs when protons or other soluble cations bind to negative charges on soil particles and cause bound cations.

Leghemoglobin

________ is important because nitrogenase is poisoned by the presence of oxygen.

Some parasitic plants are non

hotosynthetic and obtain all of their nutrition by tapping into the vascular tissue of the host individual they are heterotrophs, organisms that obtain food by consuming other organisms

Macronutrients

Plants need relatively large quantities of certain elements in the soil; these elements are called ___

limiting nutrients

their availability limits plant growth

mobile nutrients

they are readily transported from older leaves to younger leaves when they are in short supply-so older leaves deteriorate first when these elements are scarce

Immobile nutrients

stay tied up in older leaves

**Hydroponic growth**

takes place in liquid cultures, without soil, so researchers can precisely control the availability of each nutrient.

humus

decaying organic matter