Chapter 12: Amnesia

disturbance in memory due to direct physiological effects of a general _____ _____ or due to persisting effects of a _____

medical condition, substance

retrograde amnesia- unable to remember the _____

anterograde amnesia- unable to form _____ memories

(retrograde/anterograde) is more common

past, new, anterograde

patient H.M.

operation= blateral _____-_____ lobe resection

removed the _____, _____, and surrounding areas

medial-temporal, hippocampus, amygdala

patient H.M.- post-operative summary

above average IQ indicated that brain injury (does/ does not) cause IQ to drop

for intact implicit memory tasks, H.M. (did/ did not) remember performing the tasks the previous day, but (did/ did not) remember how to perform the tasks

it was concluded that H.M. developed an impaired _____ _____ memory (_____ amnesia) after losing the extracted areas in the lobectomy

_____ memory was still intact

does not, did not, did, new explicit, anterograde, implicit

amnesia is a specific _____ involving memory loss, while a neurocognitive disorder is a broader condition that _____ memory loss along with other _____ _____ that affect daily life; neurocognitive disorders are also _____

symptom, includes, cognitive impairments, progressive

traumatic amnesia:

mainly (implicit/explicit) loss

generally due to a _____ injury

typically related to an _____ injury in the _____ and _____ temporal lobes

characterized by _____ amnesia

often _____

explicit, axonal, anterior, medial, anterograde, transient

amnesia of korsakoff’s syndrome:

aka diencephalic amnesia

most commonly seen in _____ or others with a vitamin _____ deficiency

comparable to MTL amnesia in early stages (_____ amnesia for episodic memories)

severe _____ amnesia in later stages

accompanied with _____ _____ (pre-frontal cortex)

alcoholics, B, anterograde, retrograde, executive dysfunction

aging and memory:

decreased _____ memory

decreased _____

difficulty _____ new memories

working, retrieval, consolidating

alzheimer’s disease

loss of memory PLUS _____ _____

presence of _____ _____

anterograde and retrograde amnesia in _____ memory tests

deficits in _____ _____ _____

cognitive abilities, amyloid plaques, explicit, short term memory