The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key figures, events, and concepts of European nationalism from the late 18th to the early 20th century.

Louis Philippe

The constitutional monarch of France installed after the July Revolution of $1830$ who eventually fled during the popular revolt of $1848$.

Johann Gottfried Herder

A German philosopher who claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people, known as das volk.

Karol Kurpinski

A Polish musician who celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning dances like the Polonaise and Mazurka into nationalist symbols.

Friedrich Wilhelm IV

The King of Prussia who rejected the imperial crown offered by the elected Frankfurt Assembly in $1848$.

Otto von Bismarck

The Chief Minister of Prussia and the main architect of German Unification, achieved through the use of the Prussian army and bureaucracy.

Giuseppe Mazzini

An Italian revolutionary who founded secret societies such as Young Italy and Young Europe to promote a unified democratic republic.

Count Camillo Cavour

The Chief Minister of Sardinia-Piedmont who led the movement to unify Italy through tactical diplomacy and an alliance with France.

Giuseppe Garibaldi

The leader of the 'Red Shirts,' a band of armed volunteers who helped liberate the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies from Spanish rule in $1860$.

Victor Emmanuel II

The King of Sardinia-Piedmont who was proclaimed the first king of a united Italy in $1861$.

Kaiser William I

The Prussian king proclaimed Emperor of the new German Empire during a ceremony at Versailles on January $18$, $1871$.

Treaty of Constantinople ($1832$)

The agreement that officially recognized Greece as an independent nation following its war against the Ottoman Empire.

Romanticism

A cultural movement that sought to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment by focusing on emotions, intuition, and mystical feelings instead of science and logic.

Silesian Weavers Revolt ($1845$)

An uprising where weavers revolted against contractors who had drastically reduced their payments for finished goods.

Frankfurt Parliament

A gathering of $831$ elected representatives on May $18$, $1848$, who met at the Church of St. Paul to draft a constitution for a German nation.

Act of Union ($1707$)

An act between England and Scotland that resulted in the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

Marianne

The female allegory of France who represented the ideas of Liberty and the Republic, characterized by the red cap, the tricolour, and the cockade.

Germania

The female allegory of the German nation who wears a crown of oak leaves, symbolizing heroism.

The Balkans

A geographically and ethnically diverse region inhabited by people known as Slavs, which became a 'powder keg' of tension leading to the First World War.

Zollverein

A customs union formed in $1834$ at the initiative of Prussia to abolish tariff barriers and reduce the number of currencies.

Napoleonic Code

A civil code introduced in $1804$ that simplified administrative divisions and abolished the feudal system.