EXSS 288 - Exam 1 Study set 3

The Emergency Medical System

a network of community resources and advanced medical personnel

The primary purpose of the EMS team is to.

provide immediate medical care to life-threatening injuries and illness

Survival and recovery of critically ill or injured victim depends on

response time, quality/extent of care, and pre-hospital care

Lay responder

has no duty to act

Bystandard Effect

the more people present in a crisis the less likely anyone will do anything to help

Professional Responser

duty to act

What information do you need to provide when you call 911 to activate EMS?

your name, location/directions, care being given,

What is the purpose of rehabilitation?

To return to pre- injury or illness level

What are the primary players in the sports medicine team?

Player, Athletic Trainer, Physician, and Coach

The sports medicine team is part of the ___ in an athletic setting.

EMS

What are three main things to remember during Emergency Action planning?

Provide steps for what to do during an emergency. It should be revised annually by all personnel. It helps to ensure the best possible care.

What should an Emergency Action plan always include?

Directions/Location, emergency personnel available, communication/contact information, and resources available.

What is a blood borne pathogen?

pathogen that travel through human bodily fluids that may be contaminated with blood

What are the three most common blood borne pathogens?

HBV, HCV, and HIV

What are the 4 conditions in which a pathogen can spread?

Sufficient quality, susceptible person, enter body correctly, and must be present.

What are three ways a pathogen can spread?

Direct contact, indirect contact, and droplets

What are workplace controls for blood borne pathogens?

Containing contaminated areas, disposing of needles properly, not eating or drinking in infected areas, avoid splashing infectious materials, cleaning and disinfecting equipment and surfaces, and removing/disposing of PPE

Liabiliy

Legal responsibility for harm

Scope of Practice

Level of training achieved, extent of care able to provide, profession and state dictated

Duty of Care

responsible to provide care for patient while on duty

Negligence

not doing anything to prevent or treat victim, damages

Nonfeasane

indirectly causing harm

Malfeasance

misconduct, dishonesty

Misfeasance

Doing the wrong thing purposefully

Good Samaritan Laws

protect medical personnel while off duty, act in good faith, act without compensation

What are the things you must state when obtaining consent from a conscious adult of a parent of a minor?

name, scope of practice, plan of action/care, ask permission to help, and explain suspected condition

When do you have implied consent?

when the child or adult is unconscious, or when the childs parent isn't present

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996

insures confidentiality, includes both physical and mental health, provided health care, and payment for care

Superior

above

Inferior

below

Anteior

front

Posterior

back

Medial

midline

Lateral

away from midline

Distal

away from joint

Proximal

near joint connections

Deep

inside body

Superficial

surface of the body

What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

oxygenate blood, warm blood and moves through the lungs

What is the purpose of the nervous system?

regulatory system, provides sensory and motor information to the body

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

to circulate the blood and supply the body with nutrients

What is the purpose the muscular skeleton system?

connect the muscles to the skeleton, maintain posture, and protects organs

What is the purpose of the integremuterary system?

cooling and protection of the skin

What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

regulatory system, facilitates growth, metabolism, etc.

What is the purpose of the digestive system?

to facilitate nutrient and food absorption, eliminate waste

What are the victim definitions by age for respiratory and cardiac emergencies?

Respiratory: infant 0-1, child 1-12, adult 12>

Cardiac: infant 0-1, child 1-8, adult 9>

What are the three steps to follow in an emergency?

size up the scene, perform primary assessment, and call advanced medical personnel

Sizing up the scene

use scenes, careful and systematic approach to get a complete view of the emergency situation

What should you be looking for when sizing up the scene?

ensure safey, identify necessary PPE, determine mechanism of injury (MOI), determine number of victims, and identify if additional help is needed

What is an initial assessment?

How the victim appears when you first arrive to the scene

What are the steps of a primary assessment?

check for responsiveness, summon more advanced personnel, open airway and check for breathing/pulse, quickly scan for severe bleeding, and provide care as determined

What should be evaluated during a primary assessment?

breath, pulse, and blood

What does ABC stand for?

airways, breathing, consciousness

What does AVPU stand for?

alert, verbal, painful, and unresponsive

What are two ways to establish an airway?

head-neck chin lift and jaw thrust

what vital signs do you need to check for in a secondary assessment?

pulse, respiration, blood pressure, temperature, skin color, and pupils

What is the normal range for pulse in an adult?

60-80 bpm

What is the normal range for a pulse in a child?

80-100 bpm

What is the normal respiration rate for an adult?

12

What is the normal respiration rate for a child?

20-25

How do you measure blood pressure?

sphygmomanometer

Diastolic

residual pressure between beats

Systolic

pressure created by ventricle contraction

What is normal blood pressure?

120/80

What is normal body temperature?

98.6

What is the best way to get a temperature for an individual?

rectum measurement

What does PEARL stand for?

pupils equal and reactive to light

What are two types of assessment in an athletic scenario?

on the field and off the field assessments

What does HOPS stand for?

history, observation, palpation, and special tests

What does RICE stand for?

Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. A common first aid treatment of muscular injuries

Anteior

front

Posterior

back

Medial

midline

Lateral

away from midline

Distal

away from joint

Proximal

near joint connections

Deep

inside the body

What is the purpose of the EMS team?

To bring rapid medical care to a victim with a life threatening injury or illness

Early Activation of EMS

Lay responder calling 911 to activate EMS, provide basic information, and wait for dispatcher to tell you what to do.

Care Provided until Advanced personnel arrive

stay with the victim, monitor the situation, adjust care as needed, and inform advanced personnel

Professional Rescuer Care

care by professional rescuer, critical transition, must keep certification current and up to date with new issues and developments

Pre-Hospital Care

arrival of EMT, EMTs provide more advanced care and life-support techniques

Hospital Care

arrival at hospital and care by medical personnel, once stabilized victim can be transferred

The purpose of rehabilitation is to

return the victim to his or her previous state of health

Players on the Sports Medicine Team include

physicians, nurce, PA, PTs, ATs, nutritionist, sports psychologist, coaches, S&C coaches,

Athletic Trainer

most directly responsible for all phases of health of health care in an athletic environment

Team Physician

ATs work under direct supervision of physician, assume multiple roles, must work with ATs, diagnois injury, decide on disqualifications, attend practice/games

Personell Fitness Trainer

responsible for designing a comprehensive exercise program to meet individual's needs and goals while considering their personal health. there is no single standard qualification to practive as a fitness trainer

Strength and Conditioning Coaches

oversee fitness of an athlete, employed at collegiate and professional levels, certified by the NSCA, should be CPR/AED and First aid certified,

The Role of the Athletic Administrator in the SportsMedicine Team

responsible for hiring personnel, oversee policies and procedures, responsible for budget,

Hepatitis B Virus

liver infection resulting in swelling, soreness, and loss of normal liver functions. flulike symptoms, possible jaundice. 3-part vaccination profcess over 6 months.

Hepatitis C Virus

liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus, most common bloodborne infection in the US, symptoms include jaundice, loss of appetite, fatigue. no vaccination and no treatment.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

virus that causes AIDS, infected person may not know for years, potential to destroy the immune system, symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, muscle/joint pain, fever. no vaccine but drug "cocktails" available.

Hand Washing

most effective measure to prevent the spread of infection

PPE includes

disposable gloves, gown, mask, protective eyewear, and breathing barriers

Legal Considerations

need to be aware of basics, vary from state to state, and negligence suits on the rise

Standard of Care

minimum level of care, program/national/state autorities

Refusal of Care: If they say no...

call EMS, document, inform victim why they need care and what will happen if they do not receive it, stay with them, may lead to battery

Abandonment

can be held legally responsible unless scene becomes unsafe, you are too tired to continue, or victim shows obvious signs of life

Sagittal Plane

divides body right and left