Psyc 100 Chap 2

frontal lobe

complex thought, planning, movement

perfrontal cortex

personality, emotional behavior , mood

nervous system

billions of cells in brain that receive process and respond to information.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body (2)

Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

voluntary nerves, senses, behavior

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

controls gland, muscles, organs, AUTO BEHAVIOR

Neuron

cells in nervous system that sends and receives information thru body

sensory neurons

neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord. body-brain

motor neurons

neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands. brain -body

Soma

cell body

Dendrites

Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.

myelin sheath

covers the ____ to make faster and protect

Axon

A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

terminal buttons

Small knobs at the end of axons that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters

neurtransmitters

chemical messengers

excitatory message

increases the likelihood that the postsynaptic neuron will activate.

inhibitory message

decreases the likelihood that the postsynaptic neuron will activate

all or nothing

need enough messages to either fire or no.

lightswitch

Broca's area

speech production

Forebrain

motivation, emotion, complex thought (4)

Thalamus

sensory switchboard

Amgydala

emotions, fear

Hippocampus

memory formation and new

Hypothalamus

regulates survival, body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior

Midbrain

movement

substantia nigra

midbrain structure where dopamine is produced; involved initiation movement

Hindbrain

survival functions, movement (3)

Cerebellum (little brain)

Balance, coordination, learning

Pons

sleep and arousal

Medulla

controls heartbeat and breathing, survival function

temporal lobe

hearing, smell, memory

occipital lobe

vision

parietal lobe

receives sensory input for touch, spatial relations.

left hemisphere

controls the right side of the body; analytical, language, math

right hemisphere

controls the left side of the body; creative, intuitive, spacial, emotional thought

Phineas Gage

railroad worker who survived a severe brain injury that dramatically changed his personality and behavior; case played a role in the development of the understanding of the localization of brain function

Corupus Callosum

connects the two hemispheres of the brain