AP Gov required cases

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Established judicial review

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Ruled that Congress has implied powers under the necessary and proper clause, and national law trumps state law

United States v. Lopez (1995)

Limited Congress’s power under the commerce clause

Schenck v. United States (1919)

Ruled first amendment does not protect speech that creates a clear and present danger

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

State officials cannot compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in schools because that violates the first amendment’s establishment clause

Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

Students in public schools keep free speech/expression rights (such as wearing armbands) as long as it does not create a distraction

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)

Limited the government’s power on restraint of the press unless they can prove publishing a story will cause a grave and immediate danger

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

Ruled Wisconsin’s compulsory school attendance law violated the free exercise clause of the first amendment

Shaw v. Reno (1993)

Redistricting plans based heavily on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny