08 Development in Emerging Adulthood

These vocabulary flashcards cover physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development during emerging adulthood, including health behaviors, cognitive models, and relationship patterns.

Emerging Adulthood

A proposed transitional period between adolescence and adulthood (Arnett, 2000), commonly found in industrialized countries, characterized by identity exploration, instability, and feeling in-between.

Adulthood Criteria

The three criteria defining this stage are accepting responsibility for oneself, making independent decisions, and becoming financially independent.

Leading Cause of Death (Age $20$ to $44$)

Accidents are the leading cause of death for young Americans in this age range.

Bariatric Surgery

Any surgery carried out to induce weight loss, involving rerouting or removing parts of the stomach or small intestine.

Physical Activity Guidelines

Adults ages $18$ to $64$ should engage in $75$ to $150$ minutes of aerobic exercise and muscle-strengthening activities.

Emotion-Focused Coping

Managing emotions by refusing to think about an issue or reframing the event in a positive light; more commonly used by college-age women.

Problem-Focused Coping

Addressing an issue head-on and developing action-oriented ways of managing and changing a bad situation.

Risky Drinking (Men)

Consuming more than $14$ drinks a week or $4$ drinks on any single day.

Risky Drinking (Women)

Consuming more than $7$ drinks a week or $3$ drinks on any single day.

Social Integration

Active engagement in a broad range of social relationships, activities, and roles, associated with lower mortality rates.

Social Support

Material, informational, and psychological resources derived from the social network.

Alcoholism

A long-term physical condition characterized by compulsive drinking that a person is unable to control.

Sexual Script

A stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should behave sexually.

Date/Acquaintance Rape

Coercive sexual activity directed at someone with whom the perpetrator is at least casually acquainted.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

A disorder producing physical discomfort and emotional tension for up to $2$ weeks before the menstrual period, more typical in women in their $30s$ or older.

Dysmenorrhea

Painful menstruation caused by contractions of the uterus set in motion by prostaglandin.

Reflective Thinking

Active, persistent, and careful consideration involving the continuous questioning of facts and drawing of inferences, first defined by John Dewey.

Postformal Thought

A mature type of thinking characterized by the ability to deal with inconsistency and contradiction, and the acknowledgment of multiple valid ways of viewing an issue.

Acquisitive Stage

Schaie's first stage ($\text{Childhood - Adolescence}$) where information and skills are acquired for their own sake or as preparation for society.

Achieving Stage

Schaie's second stage (late teens - early $30s$) where information is used to pursue goals such as career and family.

Responsible Stage

Schaie's third stage (late $30s$ - early $60s$) where individuals solve practical problems associated with responsibilities to others.

Executive Stage

Schaie's fourth stage ($30s/40s$ - middle age) where people are responsible for societal systems or social movements and complex relationships.

Reorganizational Stage

Schaie's fifth stage (middle age - late adulthood) where life and intellectual energies are reorganized around meaningful pursuits following retirement.

Reintegrative Stage

Schaie's sixth stage (late adulthood) where individuals are more selective and focus on tasks with the most meaning.

Legacy-Creating Stage

Schaie's final stage (advanced old age) involving the preparation for death and the creation of legacies.

Tacit Knowledge

Inside information or "hacks" not formally taught, used for self-management and the management of tasks and others; unrelated to IQ.

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

The ability to perceive, use, understand, and regulate emotions to achieve goals, measured by the MSCEIT.

Postconventional Morality

Kohlberg's level where people make moral decisions based on universal principles of justice, typically reached in the $twenties$.

Substantive Complexity

The degree of thought and independent judgment required by a job.

Spillover Hypothesis

The idea that cognitive gains achieved from work carry over to non-working hours.

Recentering

A three-stage process underlying the shift to an adult identity involving power, responsibility, and decision-making.

Normative Stage Models

Theoretical approaches holding that adults follow a basic sequence of age-related psychosocial changes.

Timing-of-Events Model

A model holding that development depends on when certain events occur in people's lives relative to a social clock.

Ego-Resilient

A personality type characterized as well-adjusted, self-confident, articulate, and task-focused.

Overcontrolled

A personality type characterized as shy, quiet, anxious, dependable, and prone to withdrawing from conflict.

Undercontrolled

A personality type characterized as active, energetic, impulsive, stubborn, and easily distracted.

Fictive Kin

Individuals who are treated as family members despite a lack of a biological blood relationship.

Triangular Theory of Love

Sternberg's theory consisting of three elements: Intimacy (emotional), Passion (motivational), and Commitment (cognitive).

Cohabitation

A lifestyle where an unmarried couple involved in a sexual relationship live together.