oat physics unit 12

are you a burger or a bastard or a bastard burger

circuit components

battery, resistor, and capacitor.

electric current

I = Q/t

• ^ current = charge over time

voltage

aka the potential difference in a power source that pushes charge in a one directional flow around a circuit yielding a current. Unit = volts (V).

resistors

electrical components that regulate the flow of electric current in a circuit.

ohm’s law

V = IR (voltage, current, and resistance; units = volts, amperes, and ohms).

power

The power dissipated by a resistor is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to heat.

• P = IV

• P = I²R

• P = V²/R

• P = E/t

kirchhoff’s loop rule

the sum of potential differences across a closed loop must be 0.

kirchhoff’s junction rule

the sum of currents entering a junction must equal the sum of currents leaving a junction.

resistors in series

• R_total = R₁ + R₂ + R₃

• I_total = I₁ = I₂ = I₃

• V_total = V₁ + V₂ + V₃

resistors in parallel

• 1/R_total = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃

• I_total = I₁ + I₂ + I₃

• V_total = V₁ = V₂ = V₃

capacitor

stores electric charge/energy in the form of an electric field.

• Stored charge: Q = CV

capacitance

a measure of a capacitor’s ability to hold charge.

• Proportional to the area of the plates.

• Inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.

capacitor energy equations

capacitors in series

• 1/C_total = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + 1/C₃

• V_total = V₁ + V₂ + V₃

• Q_total = Q₁ = Q₂ = Q₃

capacitors in parallel

• C_total = C₁ + C₂ + C₃

• V_total = V₁ = V₂ = V₃

• Q_total = Q₁ + Q₂ + Q₃

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