Cell Cycle

What is mitosis?

Division of the nucleus

Creation of two daughter cells

THE cell cycle itself

What is cytokinesis

The divisions of the cytoplasm

Begins when mitosis is near completion

Results in the formation of daughter cells

What is interphase? (Cells doing what it’s supposed to do)

Cell grows

Prepares for division

The cell carries out normal metabolic activity (cell does normal job to stay alive and grow)

What happens in G1 phase

Cell Grows

Carries out normal functions

Makes proteins and organells to prep for DNA replications

What happens in the S phase

DNA is copied

Cell gets ready for mitosis

S for Synthesize

What happens in the G2 phase

Checks and fixes DNA copies

Preps for mitosis

What happens during Prophase?

Centrioles migrate to the opposite poles

Nuclear membrane & Nucleolus(ribosome maker) disappear

Chromatin condenses and forms the chromosomes

What happens in Metaphase?

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres (middle part of the X)

What happens in Anaphase?

Sister chromatids are being pulled apart from each other

The cell begins to elongate

What happens in Telophase?

Chromosomes reach opposite poles

Two new nuclei (nucleus) form

Nuclear membranes reform

Centriole

The place that produces the spindle fibers

Centromere

Middle part of a chromosome

Chromosome

Condenced coiled up DNA

Chromatid

One of 2 identical halved of a duplicated chromosome (half of the X)

Chromatin

Loose uncoiled DNA

Spindle fiber

Protein structures that pull chromosomes apart to opposite poles

Cleavage furrow

The area that constricts to form 2 nuclei during cytokinesis

Telomeres

Protective caps at the end of chromosomes

Oncogene

A gene that can cause cancer when it because abnormal

Epidermal growth factor

A protein that signal cells to grow divide and prepare

Stem cell

Cell that can self renew and turn into other cell types

Totipotet cell (Toti = Total potential)

Stem cell that can turn into any cell even the placenta

Pluripotent cell

Can turn into any cell in the body EXCEPT placental tissue

Apoptosis

The destruction of a cell