Chapter 7 - Trust, Justice, and Ethics

Ability

The perception that a party has the skills, knowledge, expertise, and capability needed to perform effectively and fulfill their responsibilities[cite: 1]

Ability to focus

The capacity of individuals to direct and maintain their attention, cognitive resources, and effort toward their work tasks and goals[cite: 1]

Abusive supervision

The sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors by a supervisor, excluding physical contact[cite: 1]

Affect-based trust

Trust based on emotional bonds, positive feelings toward the trustee, and the quality of the relationship with the party[cite: 1]

Benevolence

The perception that a party genuinely cares about your interests and well-being and is motivated to act in a positive way toward you, beyond their own self-interest[cite: 1]

Business ethics

The moral principles, values, and standards that guide how individuals and organization’s conduct business and make decisions[cite: 1]

Cognition-based trust

Trust based on the cognitive assessment of a party’s trustworthiness[cite: 1]

Cognitive moral development

A person’s level of moral reasoning, which influences how they determine what is ethically right[cite: 1]

Conventional level

When moral reasoning is based on social expectations, rules, and maintaining order[cite: 1]

Corporate social responsibility

An organization’s voluntary efforts to consider and manage its social, environmental, and ethical impacts while pursing its business goals[cite: 1]

Descriptive ethics

The study of people and organizations actual ethical beliefs, values, and behaviors without evaluating whether they are right or wrong[cite: 1]

Disposition-based trust

Trust that stems from a person’s trust propensity[cite: 1]

Distributive justice

The perceived fairness of outcomes[cite: 1]

Economic exchange relationship

A relationship based primarily on specific, short-term transactions where obligations are clearly defined and exchanged for financial or material benefits[cite: 1]

Especially ethical behavior

Conduct that goes beyond minimum ethical and legal requirements by demonstrating exceptional honesty, fairness, responsibility, or concern for others[cite: 1]

Ethical framework

An approach or set of principles used to evaluate whether an action is ethically right or wrong[cite: 1]

Four-component model of ethical decision-making

A framework that explains the four psychological processes that must occur for a person to behave ethically: moral awareness, moral judgment, moral intent, and ethical behavior[cite: 1]

Greenwashing

The practice of making misleading or exaggerated claims about an organization’s environmental responsibility or sustainability efforts to appear more environmentally responsible than it actually is[cite: 1]

Informational justice

The perceived fairness of the explanations and communications provided about decisions[cite: 1]

Integrity

The perception that a party follows principles that are considered acceptable[cite: 1]

Interpersonal justice

The perceived fairness of how people are treated[cite: 1]

Merely ethical behavior

Conduct that meets the minimum accepted ethical and legal standards but does not go beyond what is expected or required[cite: 1]

Moral action

The actual implementation or execution of the ethical course of action that is in accordance with one’s moral judgment and was chosen during moral intent[cite: 1]

Moral attentiveness

The extent to which an individual habitually notices, thinks about, and considers moral aspects of situations[cite: 1]

Moral awareness

Recognizing or realizing that a situation involves an ethical issue or dilemma, and that one’s actions may have moral consequences[cite: 1]

Moral courage

The willingness and ability to act according to one’s moral principles despite fear, pressure, personal costs, or potential negative consequences[cite: 1]

Moral identity

The degree to which being a moral or ethical person is central to an individual’s self-concept[cite: 1]

Moral intensity

The degree to which an ethical issue is perceived as important, serious, or consequential[cite: 1]

Moral intent

Choosing to act ethically by giving ethical values priority over competing personal or organizational interests[cite: 1]

Moral judgment

The process of evaluating alternative courses of action and the consequences of each action, and determining which one is the ethically right or morally appropriate in a particular situation[cite: 1]

Moral principles

The fundamental values, standards, or beliefs about what is right and wrong that ethical frameworks emphasize[cite: 1]

Organizational justice

The perceived fairness of how one is treated by the organization[cite: 1]

Organizational reputation

The overall perceived evaluation of the organization by its stakeholders[cite: 1]

Postconventional level

When moral reasoning is based on universal ethical principles and fundamental values[cite: 1]

Preconventional level

When moral reasoning is based on self-interest and personal consequences[cite: 1]

Prescriptive ethics

The study of the moral principles and standards that prescribe how people and organizations ought to behave[cite: 1]

Procedural justice

The perceived fairness of the processes used to determine outcomes[cite: 1]

Psychological safety

The belief that one can express ideas, ask questions, admit mistakes, raise concerns, and take interpersonal risks without fear of embarrassment, punishment, or negative consequences[cite: 1]

Social exchange relationship

A relationship based on mutual trust, support, and the expectation of reciprocity with positive actions[cite: 1]

Theory of moral development

A framework that explains how people’s moral reasoning develops through progressively more advanced stages, influencing how they determine what is ethically right and wrong[cite: 1]

Trust

The willingness to be vulnerable to another party based on positive expectations of their intentions and behavior[cite: 1]

Trust propensity

A person’s natural tendency or general willingness to trust others, regardless of the specific person or situation or specific evidence or prior interaction[cite: 1]

Trustworthiness

The qualities that make a party worthy of trust: ability benevolence, and integrity[cite: 1]

Unethical behavior

Conduct that violates moral principles, ethical standards, laws, or organizational policies[cite: 1]

Whistle-blowing

The act of reporting real or perceived wrongdoings by an organization[cite: 1]