AP English Language and Composition Figurative Language Vocabulary

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35 Terms

1

catalog

A list of people, things, events, objects, or some other item

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2

elagic

A type of poetry that expresses sorrow.

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3

eulogy

A piece of writing that honors someone who has just died.

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4

apostrophe

A literary device in which a (usually absent) person or entity is directly addressed.

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5

synecdoche

A literary device in which a part of an object or idea stands for or symbolizes the whole, or the whole symbolizes a part.

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6

anastrophe

A listing of sentence elements without conjunctions; inverted word order

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7

anaphora

when a writer uses the same word or phrase at the beginning of consecutive sentences

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8

syllogism

a three-part deduction that involves drawing a conclusion from two premises

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9

apology

a defense or justification of a stance or position

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10

alliteration

the repeating of consonants in consecutive words

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11

allusion

an implied or indirect reference to something historical, literary, religious, mythical, or popular, such as a well-known story or a famous person

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12

parallelism

A pattern in writing in which words and phrases are similar in structure, one echoing another.

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13

diction

The word choice and purposeful arrangement of words that affect meaning in speech or writing.

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14

jargon

Specialized and often highly technical language.

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15

anecdote

A very brief story that relates to a specific topic.

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16

antithesis

An obvious contrast of ideas, generally balanced or parallel with regard to grammar.

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17

slippery slope fallacy

A logical fallacy that assumes one small event will inevitably lead another more severe event.

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18

scheme

An arrangement of words for effect that relies on the literal meaning of the words.

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19

metonymy

a figure of speech that replaces one word or idea with a related one

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20

aphorism

A brief statement of principle or truth; also called adage or maxim.

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21

trope

A figure of speech that involves a nonliteral use of language, such as a simile, a metaphor, or an understatement.

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22

deductive reasoning

A method of thought or argument that starts with a general idea and then uses specific examples or known facts to support that idea.

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23

inductive reasoning

A method of thought or argument that starts from a specific idea or fact to reach a more general conclusion.

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24

premise

An idea used as the basis of a logical argument.

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25

didactic

Intended to teach a lesson or convey instruction

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26

paradox

A statement that appears to contradict itself but contains some degree of truth

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27

asyndeton

A listing of sentence elements without conjunctions.

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28

polysyndeton

A listing of sentence elements with multiple conjunctions.

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29

polyptoton

The repetition of words in close proximity that come from the same root.

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30

epistrophe

The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of several clauses; the opposite of anaphora.

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31

juxtaposition

The placement of two ideas in close proximity to create contrast; antithesis, anaphora and epistrophe are of this class.

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32

periodic sentence

A sentence that isn't logically or grammatically complete until the very end. It lends a sense of dramatic suspense or discovery.

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33

anthropomorphism

Attributing human characteristics or behaviors to something nonhuman.

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34

parenthetical remark

A statement, sometimes inside parentheses, that is not essential to the meaning of a sentence.

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35

epithet

An adjective or description, often with a negative connotation, that characterizes a person or thing.

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