Biomolecules, Enzymes, and Water Study Guide Flashcards

Practice flashcards covering key definitions and concepts from the Biomolecules, Enzymes, and Water Study Guide.

What is the definition of enzymes according to the study guide?

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions.

What is a macromolecule?

A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules.

What are fatty acids?

Chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms, which are the building blocks of lipids.

What are amino acids?

Building blocks of proteins linked by peptide bonds.

What is a monosaccharide and what examples are listed in the notes?

Single sugar molecules; examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

What is the definition of catalysts?

Substances that speed up chemical reactions.

What is a phospholipid?

A lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule.

What is a polypeptide?

A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

What is a disaccharide?

Any of a class of sugars whose molecules contain two monosaccharides residues.

What are biochemical reactions?

Chemical reactions that take place inside the cells of living things.

What is activation energy?

The minimum of energy required to start a chemical reaction.

What are substrates?

The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.