Architecture of Nepal

Wood

used as columns, beams, rafters and for construction of doors, windows and stairs.

Metals

copper, iron, brass, bronze were commonly used. As it was expensive it was used on religious and door facings, lattice- works, door latches.

Natural Stone

sedimentary rocks or metamorphic stone gathered from the quarries situated on the north and south sides of mountain slopes.

Brick and Tiles

mud bricks were used for construction of walls. Clay tiles were extensively used for roof coverings and for courtyard paving, terrace floors and floor coverings.

Hinduism

• 85% of the population

• Predominate religion

Buddhism

• 7.8% of the population

• Tibetan Tantric

Kathmandu

Capital of Nepal

Architecture of Nepal

Blend of India and China

Mountains

Usually see in Nepal

Emperor Ashoka

______________ of India introduced Buddhism in Katmandu valley in the 3rd century BC and numerous stupas were built.

Monasteries

__________ were founded in the 5th century AD.

Newars

the central Katmandu valley had apparently developed a flourishing Hindu-Buddhist culture Buddhism

Architectural Character

• Temples, picturesque towns, intricate native crafts.

Courtyards

Houses are designed with ________

TEMPLES

Wall systems were established for __________

SINGLE WALL | 1 SIDE OPEN

SINGLE WALL | 3 SIDES OPEN

SINGLE WALL | 4 SIDES OPEN

SINGLE WALL | 1 SIDE OPEN | COLLONADED

SINGLE WALL | 4 SIDES OPEN | COLLONADED

DOUBLE WALL | 4 SIDES OPEN | OUTSIDE FRAMING

Wood and Clay Bricks

Walls is mostly made by ________.

Temples

Stone and Wood for _______.

stone and clay

Some rural houses are of _______.

Timber

Lintels over openings are of __________.

stepping upwards towards the inside

Lintels over openings often in three parts, _________________.

Lattice screens

Windows have intricated ________.

Double pitched

Roofs in Nepal usually made of

Nepal

They use timber roofing

Bracket support

Roofs has _______.

Pagoda

Usually form of ______.

jhingati

What kind of tiles they used?

Timber

They use ______ in columns

Ornately carved with mouldings

Columns in Nepal is usually are

Bracket support

Pagoda

What form is indicated

True

is Nepal use of spires in columns?

Mouldings & Ornaments

They use spires in ______.

13 buddhist in hevean

What does the conical spires resembling?

Motifs

All seeing one

Legends

Stone frieze depicting _________.

Tingling bells - Lamps

Use of __________ and ________ in their mouldings & ornaments.

Spires

Motifs

13 buddhist heaven

What’s resemble of this

All seeing one

What’s resemble of this

Chorten

Nepali stupa is called

Generic

name used to describe plazas opposite old royal palaces in Nepal.

Malla Kings

Ancient royal residential square of __________.

Himalayas

North region of Nepal

Mt. Everest

Highest point

Terai

South region of Nepal