parasitology- arthropods

evolved

arthropods are the most ________ parasite

all macroscopic

are arthropods microscopic or macroscopic or both?

jointed

arthropods have _____ limbs

exoskeleton

what is the hard shell that covers the external part of the arthropod called?

chitin, protein, calcium salts

what is the exoskeleton of the arthropod make up of?

respiratory, nervous, circulatory, excretory, digestive, reproductive

what body systems do arthropods have?

we can physically distinguish the 2 sexes

what does it mean that arthropods are dioecious?

it is divided into segments

arthropods have a metameric body. what does this mean?

yes, it is called a coelem

do arthropods have an internal body cavity?

yes

are arthropods bilaterally symmetric?

dioecious

because we can distinguish the different sexes, we say that arthropods are ________

epicuticle

exocuticle

endocuticle

what are the 3 layers of the cuticle?

NO CELLS

what type of cells are in the cuticle?

hypodermis

what is the first layer of cells under the cuticle called?

epicuticle

what at layer 1 called?

exocuticle

what is layer 2?

layer 3

where is the endocuticle?

layer 4

where is the hypodermis?

basal membrane

what is 5?

protection

muscle insertion

gives rigitidy/shape

what are the 3 functions of the cuticle (exoskeleton)?

weather, dehydration, trauma

what does the cuticle protect the arthropod from?

cuticle/exoskeleton

what part of the arthropod gives it shape?

cuticle/exoskeleton

what part of the arthropod is for protection?

cuticle/exoskeleton

what part of the arthropod is indigestible by predators?

the plates of the exoskeleton, joined by joints- allowing movement

what are sclerites?

into the exoskeleton/cuticle

where do they muscles of an arthropoda insert?

sclerites

what are the plates of the exoskeleton called?

microtriguia and setae

what are the 2 important sensorial structures that arthropods have?

because their cuticle/exoskeleton is indigestible

why does a bird cough up this pellet when eating an arthropod?

fine hairs on the surface of the exoskeleton

what are microtriguia?

microtriguia

what are the fine hairs on the surface of the exoskeleton called?

long hairs, connected to neurons

what are setae?

setae

are setae or microtriguia connected to neurons?

microtriguia, setae

_____ are the short hairs on the exoskeleton, while _____ are the long hairs

microtriguia

what is 2?

setae

what is this?

no

are microtriguia connected to neurons?

1

which is the epicuticle?

neurons attached to the setae

what is 5?

6

where is the exocuticle?

endocuticle

what is layer 7?

hypodermis

the cells at 8 make up the _________

the change of exoskeleton for growth or evolution between stages

what is moult?

hormones

the moulting process is controlled by ______

the arthropod goes through a complete metamorphosis- egg, larva, pupa, adult

what does holometabolous mean?

the arthopod has an incomplete metamorphosis and skips usually the larval stage: egg, nymph, adult

what does hemimetabolous mean?

holo-

an arthopod that goes through these cycles: egg, larva, pupa, adult- is called ______metabolous

hemi-

an arthopod that goes through these cycles: egg, nymph, adult- is called ______metabolous

moult

what is this process of changing the exoskeleton called?

head, thorax, abdomen

what are the 3 sections of the arthropod's body called?

head

which- head, thorax, abdomen- is sensorial?

thorax

which- head, thorax, abdomen- is locomotive?

abdomen

which- head, thorax, abdomen- is for reproduction and organs?

sometimes

do arthropods have eyes?

sometimes eyes

antennae/chelicerae

mouthparts

what parts are included in the head?

prothorax

mesothorax

metathorax

what are the 3 divisions of the thorax of an arthropod?

gills

what special feature do aquatic arthropods have?

no- only aquatic arthropods

do all arthropods have gills?

no- only terrestrial arthropods

do all arthropods have a trachea?

yes

do all arthropods have mouthparts?

no- gas exchange made by several trachea

do arthropods have lungs?

moults

_____ are necessary to grow and evolve to the next stage

antennae/chelicerae

what is 2+3?

mouthparts

what is 4+5+6?

male copulatory organ/female ovipositor

what is 8?

they are individual rather than fused

what is unique about the coxa of an arthopod?

a patella

what do arthropods have between the femur and tibia?

the way that arthropods can breathe through their own skin

what is tegument respiration?

yes

do all arthropods have an anus?

1.buccal capsule

2. mouth

3. pharynx

4. crop

5. esophagus

6. stomach

7. anus

name the parts of the arthropod digestive system