Biology(3) Neurons

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19 Terms

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Neuron / Nerve cell
* basic unit of the nervous system
* carries impulses to the nervous system
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Parts of neuron
dendrites, nucleus, cell body, axon, nodes of Ranvier, myelin sheath cells, axon terminal
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Classification of Neurons

1. Sensory or affective
2. Motor or effective
3. Associative neurons
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Sensory / affective
carry impulses from the sense organs to the brain and spinal cord.
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Motor / effective
carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles.
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Associative neurons
located in the CNS, analyze and interpret the data or impulses.
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Stimulus
triggered the information sent to the central nervous system
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Response
reaction to the stimulus _____ happened
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Nerve impulse
wave of a chemical reaction and electrochemical change
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Neurotransmitters
* When a nerve impulse reaches the axon terminal, ________are released
* which send the information across the synapse
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Action potential
information transmitted
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reaction time
happens in the length of time between the activation of the stimulus up to its recognition
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Homeostasis
is the condition wherein the human body system is maintained in balance despite the changing factors outside.
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Stimulus
The variable that is being regulated.
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Sensor
It monitors the value of the variable and sends the message to the control center
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Control center
It matches the data to the normal values
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Effector
The organ, gland, muscle or other body parts that act on the

message from the control center to move back to the set point to regulate

the body.
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Negative feedback
* can control the body temperature and even the glucose level.
* To maintain the values in normal range,____________ happens in a loop that includes the stimulus, sensor, control center and effector.
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Positive feedback
This type of feedback serves to intensify a response until endpoint is reached