Motivation Theories and Concepts

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to motivation theories and factors.

Motivation

Factors that energize and direct one toward a goal.

Instinct Theory

A theory suggesting that behaviors are preprogrammed and biologically determined.

Drive Reduction Theory

Suggests that lack of a basic biological requirement produces an internal drive to obtain it.

Primary Drives

Basic biological needs such as hunger and thirst.

Secondary Drives

Drives that are learned through experience, such as the desire for money or social status.

Homeostasis

The tendency to return to a balanced state.

Arousal Theory

The theory that people are motivated to maintain optimal levels of stimulation and activity.

Incentive Theory

Motivation that arises from the desire to obtain valued external goals.

Cognitive Theory of Motivation

Motivation is influenced by people's thoughts, expectations, and goals.

Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation driven by internal rewards, such as personal satisfaction.

Extrinsic Motivation

Motivation driven by external rewards, such as money or recognition.

Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's theory that suggests individuals have a series of needs ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Self-Actualization

The realization or fulfillment of one's talents and potential, considered as the highest need in Maslow's hierarchy.

Social Factors in Motivation

External cultural expectations that influence individual motivation, including the need for achievement and affiliation.