Lab Job Review

Accessioning

the process of assigning a unique identification number (accession number) to a specimen when it arrives in the lab to track it

process of accessioning:

add here later

aliquot

a smaller, measured portion of a larger sample used for testing, created to preserve the original sample

centrifugation

the process of spinning blood samples at high speeds to separate components (plasma or serum from blood cells)

components of blood:

layers:

top: liquid plasma

middle: white cells and platelets

bottom: red blood cells

chain of custody

a strict, documented log tracking who handled a specimen from collection to disposal, usually for legal or drug testing

whole blood

contains all cells and clotting factors

plasma

liquid portion of anticoagulated blood

serum

liquid portion left after blood clots

pre-Analytical Phase

the steps before a sample is tested (collection, transport, processing). Over 70% of error occur here

Hemolysis

the rupturing of red blood cells which leaks hemoglobin into the serum/plasma and ruins the sample. Reject hemolyzed samples

QNS (Quantity not Sufficient)

the lab term used when a sample tube does not contain enough volume to perform the requested test

Specimen Rejection Criteria

the formal checklist used to reject a sample (e.g. mismatched labels, clotted tubes that should not be clotted, or wrong tube type)

requisition form

the official paper or electronic order from a doctor detailing the patient’s information and the specific tests required

Standard/ Universal Precautions

safety practice of treating all human blood and bodily fluids as if they are known to be infectious

aseptic technique

procedures used to prevent contamination of cultures, specimens, or the environment

SOP (Standard Operating Procedure)

The step-by-step instructions written by the lab that you must follow exactly for every task

PHIE / HIPAA

Ensuring patient confidentiality by never leaving the requisition forms exposed to public view or sharing login credentials