Pathopharm Exam 2 Module 5: Neurological Disorders and Pain

ischemia

lack of blood getting to an area

hypoxia

lack of oxygen getting to an area

subdural (slow) hematoma

blood collects between the skull and the surface of the brain. It's usually caused by a head injury

epidural (fast) hematoma

bleeding between the inside of the skull and the outer covering of the brain

subarachnoid hemmorhage

bleeding in the space that surrounds the brain due to an weak blood vessel (aneursym) breaking

ischemic stroke

caused by blockage

ischemic stroke treatment

tPa within 3 hours of side effects symtoms

hemorrhagic stroke

caused by a ruptured/damaged blood vessel

embolic stroke

when a blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body breaks loose and travels to the brain via the bloodstream.

embolic stroke treatment

aspirin or emergency procedure

blood clot in brain effects

weakness, dizziness, headache, dizziness

what does a thrombolytic agent do to a clot

dissolves blood clot quickly

nursing consideration for giving thrombolytic agents

maintain bedrest, monitor for internal/external bleeding, monitor IV site for bleeding

Nociception

nerve endings that provide us the feeling of pain (somatic)

What is one of the biggest reasons someone seeks care

pain

visceral pain

pain you can feel within the organs of your body

antiseizure medication

watch for cns depression, cv effects, therapeutic effects, avoid alchol

seizure

improper electrical activity in the brain

seizure treatment

anti-seizure medication, safety, administer o2 as needed

Analgesics

medication that relieves pain like morphine

pain classifications

nociceptive, neuropathic, functional, acute, chronic

tolerance

the body gets used to medicine and higher doses are needed to have the same therapeutic effect that lower doses were able to fufill