Pharm study guide

Category A

No risk to the baby in any trimester. Safest category for pregnancy.

Category B

No risk to the baby in animal studies, but no human studies; generally safe.

Category C

Potential risk to the baby, but not enough data; use only if benefits outweigh risks.

Category D

Evidence that the drug causes harm to the baby; use only if really needed.

Category X

The drug definitely causes harm to the baby.

Aminoglycosides

Strong antibiotics used to treat serious infections caused by aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

Nephrotoxicity

Kidney damage that can lead to kidney failure, usually reversible.

Penicillin

The first-ever antibiotic, kills bacteria by breaking their cell walls.

Acetaminophen

A common pain reliever that is toxic at high doses and can cause liver damage.

Antivirals

Drugs used to treat viral infections, including COVID-19.

NSAIDs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce inflammation and pain.

DMARDs

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs slow disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis.

Immune Globulin Infusion

A blood product given to boost the immune system or treat various conditions.

Benzodiazepines

Anxiolytic drugs that help reduce anxiety but may cause dependence.

SSRIs

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; increase serotonin levels to improve mood.

Lamotrigine

Medication for seizures and bipolar disorder; may cause serious skin rash.

Phenytoin

Antiepileptic drug used to prevent seizures; requires monitoring of therapeutic levels.

Naloxone

Medication used to reverse opioid overdose by quickly restoring breathing.