Driving License Test

Learner's Driving License (LDL)

The learner's driving license is issued for a period of 3-6 months and can be renewed only up to a total of 2 years from data of issuance of learn's driving license. Within this period of 2 years, the person must pass all required competency tests

Probationary Driving License (PDL)

Issued after a person has successfully completed all competency tests for applied class of driving license and enables a person to being driving. The probation period is for 2 years from period of issuance

Competent Driving License (CDL)

Issued after a person has passed a probation period of years without having license revoked. The competent driving license is issued for a period between 1-5 years and can be renewed for same period of 1-5 years

Vocational Driving License (VDL)

Enables a person to drive commercial vehicles like lorries and buses

Class D Driving License

Motor Car unladen weight not exceeding 3500kg

Class DA Driving License

Motor Car without Clutch pedal unladen weight not exceeding 3500kg

Physical health requirements

Applications must be healthy, have clear vision up to 23 meters and not be color blind

Correct method to display P sticker

Car owners must display P sticker in top left corner of windscreen at front and rear of the vehicle

Hazard

- Physical characteristics such as junctions, roundabout and corners

- Risks that arise due to the position or movement of other road users

- Problems that occur due to variations in road and weather conditions

Driving Reaction Plan (PTP)

Based on input from the environment through process of observation, analysis, estimation and hazard detection. A cautious driver must always ensure that main driving elements of positioning, speed, gear shift and acceleration are continuously adjusted to best adapt to driving conditions

CITO (defensive driving concept)

- Cermin (Mirror): Look in side view mirrors and rear view mirrors to gather info from sides and rear of vehicle

- Isyarat (Signal): Give correct signal to inform other road users of your intentions

- Titik buta (Blind spot): Turn to look over shoulder to ensure that there are no hazards in vehicle's blind spot which are not seen in mirrors

- Olah gerak (Manoeuvre): Utilize intended manoeurvre with a safe speed and distance depending on hazard

Danger Sign

A yellow diamond with a black border

Regulatory Sign

A white circle with a red border

Mandatory Instruction Sign

A blue circle

Information Sign

A blue, green or brown square

Temporary Sign

An orange diamond or rectangle with a black border

Traffic Light Sign

Traffic Light Sign

Lines and other signs displayed on the road surface

Lines and other signs displayed on the road surface

Arrows displayed on the road surface

Arrows displayed on the road surface

Uneven Road

Indicates that road or bridge is uneven or damaged (Reduce speed of vehicle, shift to lower gear). Uneven Road

Uneven Road Ahead

Indicates that road or bridge is uneven or damaged (Reduce speed of vehicle, shift to lower gear). Uneven Road Ahead

Junction (Four-Way Junction)

• Stop at the junction

• Observe whether there are vehicles approaching from both sides as well as from front

• Give way to vehicles approaching from the right

Speed Limit Zone Ahead

• Be cautious while driving in the area

• Obey the speed limit

Staggered Junction (Junction closed)

• Identify the junction where entry is allowed

• Only enter the junction where entry is allowed

• be aware of any vehicles entering or exiting the junctions

Staggered Junction (Junction Closed)

• Identify the junction where entry is allowed

• Only enter the junction where entry is allowed

• be aware of any vehicles entering or exiting the junctions

Right Junction

Give a turn signal before turning right

Left Junction

Give a turn signal before turning left

T-Junction

• Give a turn signal before turning left or right

• STOP at the junction

• if there is no oncoming traffic, you make take the turn

Road Branching Off to the Left

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give a turn signal if intending to turn left

Road Diving in Two

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give a turn signal before turning left or right

• Bring vehicle to intended side of the raod

Road Branching Off to the Right

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give a turn signal if intending to turn right

Road Diverges

Indicates flow of traffic may diverage to overcome an obstacle on road

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Follow correct lane to intended destination

Obstruction Ahead

Indicates an obstruction where road has dividers in place

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Be ready to take appropriate action based on obstruction on troad

Winding Road

Indicates that road ahead is winding

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Overtaking other vehicles is not allowed

• Drive slowly and carefully

• Sound horn if aneeded

• Turn on high beams at night if needed

Winding Road

Indicates that road ahead is winding

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Overtaking other vehicles is not allowed

• Drive slowly and carefully

• Sound horn if aneeded

• Turn on high beams at night if needed

Double Bend

Indicates a double bend in road ahead

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Overtaking other vehicles is not allowed

• Caution is advised while driving through double bend

Intersection

Indicates an intersection ahead

• There is no road forward

• Caution is advised while approaching intersection

• Determine intended direction

Sharp Curve to the Right

Indicates road curves sharply to right

• Reduce speed of vehicle as bend approaches

• be aware of oncoming traffic approaching from othe rdirection

• Utilize horn or high beams to indicate your presence

Sharp Curve to the Left

Indicates road curves sharply to left

• Reduce speed of vehicle as bend approaches

• be aware of oncoming traffic approaching from othe rdirection

• Utilize horn or high beams to indicate your presence

Left Bend

Indicate a left bend in road which may be dangerous due to road conditions or limited driver visibility

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Caution is advised while approaching bend

Right Bend

Indicate a right bend in road which may be dangerous due to road conditions or limited driver visibility

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Caution is advised while approaching bend

Divided Highway Ends

The sign indicates the end of a section of highway separated by a physical barrier and warns of two-way traffic ahead

• Ensure you are in correct lane

• Be aware of oncoming traffic approaching from other direction

Divided Highway Beings

The sign indicates a section of highway ahead separated by a physical barrier

• Be aware of a road divider ahead

• Caution is advised while approaching divider

Roundabout

The sign indicates a roundabout ahead

• Ensure you are in correct lane

• Give way to traffic approaching from right

• Reduce speed of vehicle and give turn signal

Two-Way Traffic

The sign gives warning that the road transitions from one-way road to a two-way road

• Be aware of oncoming traffic approaching from other direction

• Ensure there is no oncoming traffic before overtaking

• Be aware of vehicles crossing into your lane

Climbing Lane (Two Lanes)

This sign is used on ascending road where an additional lane is provided for overtaking. There are three lanes provided on a two-way traffic road

• Heavy vehicles must be on left-most lane

• A vehicle intending to overtake must use right (middle) lane

• Caution is advised while climbing an inclined road

Climbing Lane (One Lanes)

This sign is used on a descending road where an additional lane is provided for overtaking. There are three lanes supplied in a two-way traffic road

• Slow-moving and heavy vehicles must be on the left-most lane

• A vehicle intending to overtake must use the right (middle) lane

• Caution is advised for oncoming traffic during overtaking

Lane Narrows From the Left

Indicates that the road ahead narrows from the left

• Reduce the speed of the vehicle

• Give way to traffic approaching from the right

• Overtaking is prohibited

Narrowing Road

Indicates that the road ahead narrows from both sides

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give way to oncoming traffic

• Overtaking is prohibited

Lane Narrows from the Right

Indicates that the road ahead narrows from the right

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give way to traffic approaching from right

• Overtaking is prohibited

Incline Warning (Climbing a Steep Hill)

Indicates the the road ahead has a 10% gradient steep incline

• Shift to lower gear

• Overtaking is prohibited

• Turning vehicle around is prohibited

• Maintain firm grip on steering wheel

Descent Warning (Descending a Steep Hill)

Indicates a four-way junction ahead

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Shift to lower gear

• Overtaking is prohibited

• Turning vehicle around is prohibited

• Maintain firm grip on steering wheel

Narrow Bridge

Indicates a bridge or section of highway that narrows

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Give way to oncoming traffic and heavy vehicles which may be closer to bridge

Slippery Road

Indicates that road surface ahead is slippery

• Reduce speed of vehicle without braking forcefully

• Avoid overtaking

• Maintain a safe distance from other vehicles

Soft Shoulder

Indicates that shoulder of road is soft and not paved

• Caution is advised while driving

• Caution is advised during overtaking and when approaching shoulder of road

Traffic Light

Indicates junction with traffic light

• RED= STOP

• YELLOW = PREPARE TO STOP

• GREEN = GO

Stop Sign Ahead

This sign indicates presence of stop sign ahead and to prepare to stop vehicle

• Caution is advised while driving due to unexpected road conditions or hazards

• Be alert while driving past this area

Alert / Caution

This sign is a warning for hazards

• Caution advised while driving due to unexpected roads conditions or hazards

• Be alert while driving past this area

Give Way Sign Ahead

Indicates presence of give way sign ahead. Drivers are advised to give way to oncoming traffic from other direction

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Be ready to stop vehicle and give way to oncoming traffic

Landslides and Falling Rocks

Indicates a section of road where landslides and falling rocks are common

• Caution is advised while driving through this section of road

• Ensure the road is safe and clear before going forward

Cow Crossing

Indicates a section of road commonly crossed by cows

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Be ready to stop vehicle in the event an animal is on the road

Wild Animal Crossing

Indicates a section of road commonly crossed by wild animals

• Reduce speed of vehicle

• Be ready to stop vehicle in event a wild animal is on road

Playground

Indicates a playground ahead

• Reduce speed of vehicle and be ready to stop vehicle

• Caution is advised while driving

Disabled persons crossing

Indicates crossing for disabled persons

• Reduce speed of vehicle and be ready to stop vehicle

• Obey any pedestrian traffic lights that may be in area

School Zone

Indicates a towing zone. Towing zones are often found in high traffic areas

• Reduce speed of vehicle and be ready to stop vehicle

• Obey any pedestrian traffic lights or school crossing guards that may be in area

Towing Zone

Indicates a towing zone. Towing zones are often found in high traffic areas

• No persons are allowed to park their vehicle in an area where this sign is displayed

Ungated Railway Crossing

Indicates railway crossing without safety gates

• Reduce speed of vehicle once approaching this sign

• Stop and ensure that there is no train in view before proceeding

Pedestrian Crossing

Indicates a pedestrian crossing

• Reduce speed of vehicle and be ready to stop vehicle

• Obey any pedestrian traffic lights that may be in area

• Give way to pedestrians crossing road

Gated Railway Crossing

Indicates railway crossing with safety gates

• Reduce speed of vehicle as this sign is approached

• Stop and wait until the gate is opened before proceeding

Automated Gated Railway Crossing

Indicates a railway crossing with automatic safety gates

• Reduce speed of vehicle as sign is approached

• Stop and wait until gate is opened before proceeding

• Zone begins in 500 metres

No Overtaking

Indicates all vehicles are banned from overtaking

No Overtaking for Heavy Vehicles

Indicates that heavy vehicles are banned from overtaking

No Honking

Sounding horn is banned in places like schools, courts, hospitals, and gov. office

No Vehicle Entry

All vehicles are banned from entering through this route

No Left Turn

All vehicles are banned from turning left to avoid turning into a one-way route

No-U Turn

Vehicles are not allowed to make U-turns

No Right Turn

All vehicles are banned from turning right to avoid turning into a one-way route

No Entry For Motorcycles

Motorcycles are banned from utilizing from following route. Only other vehicles may utilize route to ensure safety of other road users

No Entry For Particular Vehicles

All tricycles, bicycles, trishaws and vehicles drawn by animals are banned from utilizing following route. Only other vehicles may utilize route to ensure the safety of other road users

No Parking

No vehicles is allowed to park in this section even if space is available. This sign is commonly found in areas with high traffic and no road shoulder for parking

No Stopping

All vehicles are not allowed to stop in area marked by sign. Halting a vehicle in this area will cause traffic to slow down and will disrupt smooth driving of other drivers. This sign is commonly found in areas with high traffic and no road for parking

STOP

Indicates that driver should stop before continuing. Sign is often found at road intersections

60KM/H Speed Limit

This sign is often placed in urban areas, suburban areas and rural areas. This speed is suitable for traffic and road condition in this area

• Obey speed limit

• Drive carefully and be aware of presence of vehicles on shoulder of road as well as the presence of other road users such as motorcycles, cycles, buses and pedestrians

90KM/H Speed Limit

This sign is often placed on federal and state highways. This speed is suitable for traffic and road conditions in this area

• Obey speed limit

• Drive carefully and be aware of road junctions and damaged road shoulders

End of Speed Limit Zone

This sign indicates the end of previous speed limit zone. The new speed limit will be indicated by next speed limit sign

• Obey speed limit

• Drive carefully and be aware of road junctions and damaged road shoulders

Highway Speed Limit

Sign is often placed on two-lane and three-lane highways. Although speed limit is 110km/h, the driver should always adhere to driving lane and follow proper driving eiquette

No Entry For Vehicles Wider than 2.5 meters

Indicates that width of route ahead is not more than 2.5 meters. Sign often found at sections of road where width is limited by tunnels or bridges

No Entry For Vehicles Taller Than 4.5 Meters

Indicates that height of route ahead is not more than 4.5 meters. Sign often found at sections of road where height is limited by tunnels or bridges

No Entry For Vehicles Exceeding 8 Tonnes

Indicates that road ahead cannot support a weight exceeding 8 tonnes. Sign often found at bridges that have a specified weight limit due to its structure

One Way Road

Purpose of this sign is to ensure traffic flows smoothly. Often located at narrow urban roads

Direction Sign

Purpose of this sign is to ensure traffic flowers smoothly. Often located at urban roads

Right Turn Only

Purpose of this sign is to ensure traffic flowers smoothly. It is often located at urban roads where traffic must flow only to the right

Go Right/Go Left

Purpose of this sign is to ensure that traffics flows smoothly. It is often located at the beginning of road dividers

Divided Road

Purpose of this sign is to ensure that traffic flows smoothly. It is often located at beginning of road dividers

Two Wheeled Vehicle Lane

Indicates that only two wheel vehicles pictured (bicycle, trishaws, and motorcycles) must utilize this lane. This is to ensure that specified vehicles do not disrupt flow of traffic. Often located outside urban areas

Motorcycle/Bicycle Lane

Indicates that motorcycles and bicycles must utilize assigned lane. This is to ensure smooth flow of traffic and to reduce risk of an accident to cyclists and motorcyclists. This is often located on roads which have known risks of being dangerous to cyclists and motorcyclists due to high speed traffic

Trishaw Lane

Sign indicates trishaws must utilize assigned lane

Taxi Lane

Indicates taxi must utilize assigned lane

Bus Lane

Indicates buses must utilize assigned lane

Public Phone

Person intending to utilize public phone should reduce speed of vehicle and give signal to stop by road