Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Cell Structure

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms related to DNA, chromosomes, genomes, alleles, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and cell nuclei from the lecture transcript.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture various proteins, promote growth, and sustain life.

Chromosome

Molecules of DNA consisting of 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.

Genome

The full set of genes containing the instructions to make an individual member of a certain species.

Human Base Pair Similarity

The estimate that more than 99% of any person's base pair are identical to those of any other person.

Allele

A variation of a gene or any of the possible forms in which a gene for a particular trait can occur.

Polymorphic

Refers to genes having many forms, where 'poly' means many.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

A variation in only one part of the genetic code that can cause differences such as the shape of an eyebrow.

Nucleus

The structure in each cell containing genes and chromosomes that instruct the cell to manufacture proteins needed to sustain life and development.