microbio p1

Either unicellular or multicellular

Fungi

Does not describe E. Coli

Multicellular

Microbiology

Study of microorganisms that can or cannot cause disease

Veterinary Microbiology

Study of microorganisms that infect humans and animals

Spontaneous generation

Both (Maggots & Mice experiment)

First Disproved SG

Francisco Reddi,Maggots experiment

Abolished SG

Louis Pasteur

2nd of Koch's Postulate

Suspected microorganisms are isolated and grown in pure culture

Pathogens of these Diseases found by Koch's postulate

Anthrax & Tuberculosis

Limitation of Koch's Postulate

Led to the discovery of Virus

Filter

Charles Chamberland / Chamberland filter

Significant difference on the discovery of TMV

False (no significant difference, only time difference)

Coined the term bacteriophage

Félix d'Hérelle

Yellow fever virus

Arbovirus (needs mosquito)

Cell

Nucleus,Large ribosomes,Mitosis

Involves conjugation

Prokaryote

Can not multiply in inert media

Virus

Describes fungi except

Motile

Viroids & Prions are called

Sub-viral particles

Microbes introduced to culture media

Inoculum

Inoculation of viruses in animals

Disease-free animals

All are true except

Grown in vivo glass

Paramyxovirus (Embryonated egg)

Allantoic

Influenza (Embryonated egg)

Amniotic & Allantoic

Culture media of E. Coli

EMB

Positive reaction of EMB

Green metallic sheen

Motile or non-motile test

SIM

Chemical type of Blood agar (5% sheep blood)

Complex

Methylene blue

Type: Basic dye,Number: 30

Gram Staining

Type: Differential,Number: 31

Ziehl Neelsen

Time: 5 mins, 15 secs, 1 min,Number: 32

Capsule staining

Primary and Counter stain: Crystal Violet & Copper sulfate,Number: 33

Taxonomy importance

All of the above,Number: 34

Order of Taxonomy

Kingdom,Phylum,Class,Order,Family,Genus,Species,Number: 35

Incorrect writing of Bacteria Name

Bold and Normal,Number: 36

Genotypic classification

Full hereditary traits,Number: 37

Phenotypic classification

Morphology,Number: 37

Thicker in Gram + bacteria

Peptidoglycan,Number: 38

Dependent on oxygen

Obligate aerobe,Number: 39

Microaerophile oxygen level

Require a level below 10%,Normal oxygen level 20%,Number: 40

Antigen detection

Salmonella,Number: 41

Arboviruses

Type: Exogenous,Number: 42

Actinomyces bovis

G+,Filamentous & Branching,Number: 43

Curved G- bacteria

ZnCampylobacter,Vibrio,Number: 44

Classification of virus based on genome

mRNA synthesis,Baltimore classification,Number: 45

Horizontal transmission

Directly between animals,Number: 46

Vertical transmission

From parent to kids,Number: 46

Bacteriophage shape

Complex,Number: 47

Group 1 virus

dsDNA,Number: 48

Group 2 virus

ssDNA,Number: 49

Parvoviridae

Group 2,Number: 50

Poxviridae

Group 1,Number: 51

Group 4 virus

+ssRNA,Number: 52

Group 5 virus

-ssRNA,Number: 53

DNA viruses except

Reoviridae,Number: 54

RNA viruses except

Herpesviridae,Number: 55

Meaning of 'Herpe'

Creep,Number: 56

Virus name from size

Except Astroviridae,Number: 57

Virus name from shape

Except Paramyxoviridae,Number: 58

Neurotrophic

Nerves,Number: 59

Rise of Durham

Shows that there was gas formation,Number: 60

Catalase test

Oxygen formation,Number: 61

IMViC

Indole,Methyl Red,Voges-Proskauer,Citrate,Number: 62

MR & VP test

Done simultaneously,Number: 63

Symbiotic relationship

Between Healthy Dogs & Staphylococci,Commensalism

Microbiology

Microbiology is the study of microorganisms

Microorganisms

Microorganisms are defined as any minute living organism that can cause disease, spoil food, and deteriorate materials

E. coli

E. coli is in a commensal relationship with dogs

Veterinary Microbiology

Veterinary Microbiology focuses on the study of microorganisms, their cultivation, demonstration, and their role in treatment and disease (whether zoonotic or not)

Hydrogen sulfide test

The Hydrogen sulfide test is positive for the Enterobacteriaceae family

Viroids

Viroids are microorganisms made up of RNA

Staphylococcus spp

Nutrient and XLD media can be used to culture Staphylococcus spp

Spontaneous generation

Examples of spontaneous generation include the presence of maggots on meat and pieces of cheese attracting mice

FMD

FMD has been eradicated in the Philippines

MacConkey agar

E. coli can grow on MacConkey agar and produce pink colonies

Blood agar

5% blood from sheep is used in blood agar

Basic dyes

Crystal violet, malachite green, and fuchsin are examples of basic dyes

Postulates

The limitations of the postulates led to the discovery of viruses as the causative agents of certain diseases

Filterable agents

Loefler and Frosch identified the first filterable agent from animals, which was the virus of foot and mouth disease

Viroids and prions

Viroids and prions are categorically called subviral agents

Spirochetes

Special staining techniques are used to isolate spirochetes

Capsule Staining

Crystal violet and copper sulfate are the primary and counterstains used in Capsule Staining (Anthony's Capsule Staining)

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur abolished the theory of spontaneous generation and made discoveries in rabies vaccination and microbial fermentation (pasteurization)

Francisco Reddi

First scientist to disprove the theory,Used maggots to prove that a particular organism can cause a particular disease

Robert Koch

Well-known for his innovative contribution to immunization and the ultimate eradication of viruses

Edward Jenner

Known for his contributions to immunization and the eradication of smallpox virus

Dmitry Ivanovsky and Martinus Beijrinck

Demonstrated a significant difference in the discovery of the tobacco mosaic disease

Yellow fever virus

Requires mosquitoes in its life cycle to infect and cause disease,Example of an arbovirus

Prokaryotic cell

Typically 0.2-1 mm in diameter,Does not have a nucleus,Undergoes binary fission

E. coli

Unicellular,Contains peptidoglycan,Bullet-shaped

Aphthovirus

Member of the Picornaviridae family,Consists of RNA,Has no envelope,Can be multiplied by inert media,Contains a capsid

Fungus

Multicellular,Produce mycotoxins

Viruses

Obligate intracellular parasites,Reproduce only inside host cells

Cultivation

Explant is rarely used,Cell culture is commonly used

Arbovirus

Example of an exogenous environmental reservoir

Genome of mRNA viruses

Follows Baltimore classification

Kinds of transmissions

Vertical and horizontal

MacConkey agar

Used to culture E. coli,Results in the growth of gram-negative bacteria,Shows pink colonies for lactose fermenters

Color of acid production in biochemical tests

Yellow

IMVIC

Indole,Methyl Red,Voges Proskauer,Citrate