Educational Policies

What government policy introduced state schooling?

Elementary Education Act 1880

What year did the state start spending money on education?

1833

Which government policy implemented comprehensive schools?

1976 Comprehensive Education Act

What is marketisation?

Creating competition for funding between schools

What is parentocracy?

Parent’s having the ability to choose what happens on their child’s educational journey

What is cream skimming?

Schools choosing to take on better pupils to gain advantage

What is silt shifting?

Schools avoiding taking on bad pupils

What are sink schools?

Under-performing schools that lose out on funds because not many go to them

What is formula funding?

Certain amount of money given per pupil to decide how much funding schools should recieve

What are academies?

Independent schools which get funding directly from the government rather than the council

What are free schools?

State funded independent schools that are not controlled by the local authority

What is the difference between free schools and academies?

Free schools are new but academies are converted

What policy implemented the tripartite system?

1944 Education Act

What policy made secondary education free?

1944 Education Act

What is the 1944 Education Act also known as?

The Butler Act

What are the 3 types of schools established as a part of the tripartite system?

• Secondary modern

• Grammar

• Technical

What decided which school children went to in the tripartite system?

11+ exam

Who went to grammar schools?

Children who did well on the 11+

Who went to secondary moderns?

Non-academic children

What was taught at technical schools?

Mechanics and engineering

What did secondary moderns prepare you for?

Working in factories

What social class went to grammar schools?

Middle

What are comprehensive schools?

Local schools which don’t select based on ability

What still caused divisions in comprehensive schools?

Streaming

What policy did Thatcher introduce in 1988?

1988 Education Reform Act (ERA)

What did the ERA introduce?

• National curriculum

• SATS

• League tables

• Formula funding

• OFSTED

• Open enrolment

What is the national curriculum?

Set of subjects and standards used by all schools so children can learn the same things

What are SATS?

Tests taken at 11, 14, and 16

What are league tables?

Ranking of schools based on performance

What is OFSTED?

Government organisation that ensures quality of schools are good

What is open enrolment?

Where the parents are allowed to select multiple schools to send their children to

What is privatisation?

Becoming a privately owned business

What policies did New Labour introduce?

• Sure Start centres

• Free pre-school nursery provision

• EMA

• Education Action Zones

• Aim Higher

• Academies

What were Sure Start centres?

Provide advice and childcare

What was the EMA?

College students paid up to £30 for attending

What is Aim Higher?

Increase working class and ethnic minorities in higher education with tuition

What are Education Action Zones?

Places that were given additional funding and specialist teachers to improve performance

What was the free pre-school nursery provision?

Each child between the ages 3-4 guaranteed 15 hours of education per week

What is neo-liberalism?

Privatisation is the most efficient way to run the economy

What policies were introduced/changed by the Coalition government?

• Academies Act (2010)

• Free schools

• EBACC

• Pupil premium

• Free school meals

What is the 2010 Academies Act?

Gave schools more freedom from state controls

What is the EBACC?

Ensuring pupils take a broad and academic curriculum (english, maths, science, MFL, and humanities)

What is pupil premium?

Offering money to schools to take on disadvantaged children

What did the Coalition government do to university fees?

Tripled them

What did the Coalition government abolish?

EMA and Sure Start centres

What is fragmentation?

Shift in how education works

What is the centralisation of control?

Local education authorities have less involvement

What is the cola-isation of school?

Private sector sell to children through vending machines developing brand loyalty

What is the main purpose of privatisation according to New Right?

It is efficient and drives up standards

What is globalisation?

Increasing interconnectedness and inter-dependency of the world’s nations