Arts Appreciation Midterm Exam Reviewer

Humanities

came from the word HUMANUS which means to be truly human

ART

originally comes from the Aryan root AR meaning “join”, or “put together

Art Appreciation

is the knowledge and understanding of the universal and timeless qualities that identify all great art. The more you appreciate and understand the art of different eras, movements, styles and techniques, the better you can develop, evaluate and improve your own artwork

Practical arts

directed to produce artifacts and utensils which cope with human needs like basket, weaving, furniture making, agriculture etc.

Liberal arts

intellectual efforts are considered like philosophy, psychology, social sciences

Fine Arts

products of the human creativity in so far as they express beauty in different ways and different media like drawing, painting, sketching

Major arts

characterized by their actual and potential expressiveness like music, dance, literature. e. Minor arts – connected with practical uses and purposes like interior design, landscape, porcelain making.

Plastic arts

perceived by sense of sight like sculpture, architecture.

Phonetic arts

based on sounds and words like music, drama, literature.

Kinetic arts

rhythmic movement like the different kinds of dances.

Pure arts

which take only one medium of expression as sound in music, color in painting.

Mixed arts

which use two or more media like opera, a combination of music, poetry and drama

Space arts

visual arts, 2 dimensional(seen only in one angle) Painting, printing, photography, drawing, sketching. 3 dimensional ( seen in several angles) sculpture, architecture

Time arts

auditory arts: music, dance, combination-musical theater/opera

Art is the universal language

that speaks to all people and is able to evoke emotions, ideas and thoughts.

Art is timeless

famous works of art are valued by generations past, present and future. Art is created in such a way that all people, young or old, deaf or mute, can all enjoy and take a meaning away from it.

Art is cultural

Art is not nature. Art involves experience. Art as expression, as a form of creation.

Is art an imitation or a creation?

Art tends to imitate, but to express nature with clarity and meaning. Art therefore is not mere copying of things and nature, but is a creative activity.

Art is the universal language, Art is timeless, Art is cultural, Is art an imitation or a creation?

Assumptions of Art

Architecture and Applied Arts, Social Functions of Art, physical functions of art

Functions of Art

Architecture and Applied Arts

The value of the art in the questions lies in the practical benefits one gains from it. Obviously made for a specific purpose Painting and Literature, One can look at the value of the product of art in and for itself.

Social Functions of Art

Political art is a very common example of an art with social function.  Art can also depict conditions such as photography. (Picture of poverty)  Performance art like plays or satires can also rouse emotions and rally people toward a particular end.

physical functions of art

can be found in artworks that are crafted in order to serve some physical purpose. Architecture, jewelry-making, interior design all serves physical functions.  Other functions of Art  Music was principally used for dance and religion.

Music

is also used as accompaniment to stage plays and motion pictures.

Art as an imitation

In Plato’s The Republic, paints a picture of artists as imitators and art as mere imitation.  In his description of the republic, Plato advises against the inclusion of art and as a subject in the curriculum and the banning of artists in the Republic

Poetry

rouses emotions and feelings and thus, clouds rationality of people.

Art is just an imitation

A painting is just an imitation of nature, which is also just an imitation of reality in the World of Forms

Art as Representation

Aristotle considered art as an aid to philosophy in revealing the truth.  The kind of imitation that art does not antithetical to the reaching of fundamental truths in the world.  Unlike Plato who thought that art is an imitation of another imitation, Aristotle conceived of art as representing possible versions of reality

Art as a disinterested judgment

Immanuel Kant, in his Critique of Judgment considered the judgment of beauty, the cornerstone of art, as something.

Art is just an imitation, Art as Representation, Art as a disinterested judgment, Art as communication of emotion

Philosophical Perspectives on art.

ART AS A COMMUNICATION OF EMOTION

According to Leo Tolstoy, art plays a huge role in communication to its audience's emotions that the artist previously experienced. In the same that language communicates information to other people, art communicates emotions.

Oscar Wilde

Irish author: It is life that imitates art

Henri-Louis Bergson

It is not reason that enables us to imitate; art is not imitation; art is made from intuition(immediate sensation and intense feeling)

G.E. Moore

Art is both imitation and intuition

Sigmund Freud

Art is a wish-fulfillment; an excellent work of art results from frustration

Jose Ortega Y Gaset

Art is a form of escape; escape from negative elements

Benedetto Croce

Art is merely an expression regardless if it is understood or not

Albert Camus

Art is rebellion

John Dewey

Art is not limited in the gallery and museum

Dante Leoncini

When man beautifies himself, he becomes a human art

Margarette Macdonalds

Art is esoteric. It is mysterious. It is indefinable. It is transintelligible. It is only describable

Immanuel Kant

Music is the lowest of all arts because it gives only sensible pleasure

Schopenhauer

Music is the greatest because it is capable of freeing man from his fears and desires, from his anger and despair, and from other passions and anxieties

Hegel

Poetry has the best qualities like immediate perception, creative imagination, development of thoughts and events

Leibnitz

The fusion of poetry and music is the highest art

Subject

the visual focus or the image that may be extracted from examining the artwork; the "what Content-the meaning that is communicated by the artist or the artwork; the "why"

Form

the development and configuration of the art work -how the elements and the medium or material are put together; the "how"

An artist

paints, draws, sculpts, makes a film or is skilled with something involving perception and the use of their hands. Because writing used to be done by longhand, writers and poets are also known as ______. An ________ is a professional entertainer, especially a singer or dancer: cabaret artistes.

An artisan

is a skilled worker that uses his hands to make something often functional or that will enhance something else; furniture, gold leafing, decorative arts (like faux finishes), jewelers, upholstery, embroidery, glassblowers, leather workers (like shoemakers), potters, weavers. Bakers are also included and pushing the limits of the term are cheese makers and beer makers

Artistic Value

Artist: The object has a clear artistic value. Artisan: The object has an artistic value.

Functional Value

Artist: The object has no functional value. Artisan: The object has a functional value.

Object

Artist: The object has a lot of aesthetic value and is appreciated for this quality as it pleases the individual. Artisan: The object though utilitarian has certain aesthetic attributes to it.

Art Forms

Traditional categories within the arts include literature (including poetry, drama, story, and so on), the visual arts (painting, drawing, sculpture, etc.), the graphic arts (painting, drawing, design, and other forms expressed on flat surfaces), the plastic arts (sculpture, modeling), the decorative arts Artwork. A painting, sculpture, photograph, etc., that is created to be beautiful or to express an important idea or feeling : an artistic work.

Artwork

A painting, sculpture, photograph, etc., that is created to be beautiful or to express an important idea or feeling : an artistic work. : drawings, photographs, etc., that are included in books, magazines, and other printed materials.

Visual Arts

are art forms which are primarily visual in nature. Art that is visible to the naked eye.

Graphics arts

are those which are two dimensional; they have length and width.

Plastic arts

are those that are three dimensional; they have length, width and height.

Portrait drawing

is a drawing of a person or group of people that captures the personality of the subject. Frequently, portraits are commissioned for special occasions, such as weddings or school events

Landscape

is all the visible features of an area of countryside or land, often considered in terms of their aesthetic appeal.

Figurative Drawing

is a drawing of the human form in any of its various shapes and postures using any of the drawing media.

Fantasy Drawing

is a drawing depicting imaginary, surreal or visionary themes.

Illustration

is a decoration, interpretation or visual explanation of a text, concept or process.

Caricature

is the art of exaggerating the visual traits of a person or situation, creates a powerfully suggestive picture. _________can be insulting or complimentary and can serve a political purpose or be drawn solely for entertainment.

Printmaking

is creating for artistic purposes an image on a matrix which is then transferred to a two-dimensional (flat) surface by means of ink (or another form of pigmentation).

Still life drawing

is a drawing or painting that focuses on still objects. The subject matter is inanimate and never moves, typically with a focus on household objects, flowers, or fruits

Film making

is the process of making a film, generally in the sense of films intended for extensive theatrical exhibition. Filmmaking involves a number of discrete stages including an initial story, idea, or commission, through screenwriting, casting, shooting, sound recording and preproduction, editing, and screening the finished product before an audience that may result in a film release and exhibition

Portrait drawing, Landscape, Figurative Drawing, Fantasy Drawing, Illustration, Caricature, Still life drawing, Printmakin

Types of Drawing

Graphic Process

is a way of printing a design or text, often in multiple copies. Usually done digitally.

Silkscreen

also known as screen printing or serigraphy, this technique uses a stencil to create sharp-edged images for multiple prints.

Offset Printing

The traditional offset system involves transferring (offsetting) an inked image or design on a printing plate to a rubber blanket which is then applied to the surface that will be printed.

Commercial Art

is historically a subsector of creative services, referring to art created for commercial purposes, primarily advertising

Computer Art

is any art in which computers played a role in production or display of the artwork.

Photography

is the art, science, and practice of creating pictures by recording radiation on a radiation-sensitive medium, such as a photographic film, or electronic image sensors.

Graphic Process, Silkscreen, Offset Printing, Commercial Art, Computer Art, Photography

Drawing Sketches

Architecture

the art and science of designing and erecting buildings and other physical structures.

Literature

a time art and is said to be “The Mother of Arts’’. _________is derived from Latin littera meaning an individual written character (letter) and literature is literally `acquaintance with letters.”. It is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific works, but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, including works of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction.

TIME ART

is an art which present an organized series of stimuli within a framing time span and which therefore must be experienced in a sequence as having a beginning,

Imaginative /fiction literature, Non-fiction literature

Categories of Literature

Escape literature

is written for entertainment purposes, that is, to help us pass the time in an agreeable manner

Interpretative Literature

is written to broaden and sharpen our awareness of life.

Escape literature, Interpretative Literature

Classification of Literature

Moralizing literature

is a kind of literature that is used to present moral values for the reader to understand and appreciate; the moral may be directly or indirectly stated.

Propaganda Literature

is a kind of literature that was found not only in history books and advertising and marketing books but also in some books describing one’s personal success and achievements in life

Psychological continuum of the individual

therapeutic value is a kind of literature that provide therapeutic experience to the reader.

Moralizing literature, Propaganda Literature, Psychological continuum of the individual

Uses of Literature

Novel

is a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism.

epistolary novel

is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other documents are sometimes used.The word epistolary is derived from Latin from the Greek word ἐπιστολή epistolē, meaning a letter.

picaresque novel

is a genre of prose fiction that depicts the adventures of a roguish, but “appealing hero”, of low social class, who lives by his wits in a corrupt society.

Gothic fiction

is a genre or mode of literature and film that combines fiction and horror, death, and at times romance.

Utopian and dystopian fiction

are genres of speculative fiction that explore social and political structures. ______ fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author’s ethos, having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers.

Detective novel

is a subgenre of crime fiction and mystery fiction in which an investigator or a detective—either professional, amateur or retired— investigates a crime, often murder.

Science fiction

is a genre of speculative fiction that typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life.

Nature novel

is a literary genre that started as a movement in late nineteenth century in literature, film, theater, and art. It is a type of extreme realism

Psychological novel

is one that focuses on the complex mental and emotional lives of its characters and explores the various levels of mental activity.

Religious novel

is literary fiction that has a religious element. Some people tend to think of religious items of fiction as having to do with the religious affiliation of the author, but generally, experts only consider it religious fiction as it addresses religious elements in the actual work

social novel

is a “work of fiction in which a prevailing social problem, such as gender, race, or class prejudice, is dramatized through its effect on the characters of a novel”.

romantic novel

is a type of novel and genre fiction which places its primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and usually has an “emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.”

sentimental novel

is an 18th -century literary genre which celebrates the emotional and intellectual concepts of sentiment, sentimentalism, and sensibility.

legend

is a story about human events or actions that has not been proved nor documented in real history. _______ are retold as if they are real events and were believed to be historical accounts.