Studied by 44 people
pH of 0-6.9 is
acidic
Atoms are the
basic unit of matter
pH of 7.1-14 is
basic
biochemistry is the study of
elements and compounds in living organisms
pH stands for
percent hydrogen
carbohydrates are always
ring shaped
protons are
positively charged
electrons are
negatively charged
monomer
a single subunit / basic unit of a compound
an element is the
most basic form of any pure material
a compound is a
combination of two or more different elements
H2O is a
compound
nucleotide is the monomer to
nucleic acid
hydrogen (H) is a
element
Polymer
a chain of 3 (or more) monomers
macronutrients
nutrients needed in large quantities in the body
pH of 7.0 is
neutral
What are some of the major macronutrients
hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
micronutrients
nutrients needed in small quantities in the body
what must a compound contain to be considered organic?
Hydrogen and Carbon (bioCHemistry)
neutrons are
neutrally charged
carbohydrate is a
organic compound
3 fatty acids + glycerol is the monomer to
lipids
nucleic acid is a
organic compound
amino acids are a
monomer
protein is the compound to
amino acids
monosaccharide is the monomer to
carbohydrates
proteins always have
carbon (C) hydrogen (H) oxygen (O) nitrogen (N)
what are proteins used for?
enzymes, hormones, cell receptors, antibodies, muscles, and body structure
carbohydrates are used for
primary energy source, cell walls (plant cells), starch, chitin (exoskeleton)
lipids have
a long chain of glycerol (E shaped)
Nucleic acids only have
2 DNA and RNA
uses of nucleic acids
controls traits protein production
dehydration synthesis
to join molecules together by removing the water
removing water makes a molecule
complex
hydrolysis
to add water to spilt a molecule apart
adding water to a molecule makes it
simple
catalyst is a chemical that
speeds up chemical reactions without being changed by the reaction
enzymes are
protein catalysts
can enzymes be reused
yes
what do enzymes do to molecules
break apart and put together molecules
most enzymes end in
ase
substrate is
the molecule that a enzyme if working on
product is
the molocule(s) created by an enzyme
denaturing enzymes
when extreme conditions cause the enzyme to change shape
what changes shape when an enzyme denatures
the active site
why is it a problem that the active site changes shape
the nutrients will no longer fit
what happens to an enzyme when the temperature is too hot
it denatures
what happens to an enzyme when the temperature is too cold
it slows down
what is the ideal temperature for enzymes
room temperature
what is the ideal pH for enzymes
neutral
what happens to an enzyme when the pH is too basic
it denatures
what happens to an enzyme when the pH is too acidic
it denatures
Note 
Flashcard (44)