SCIENCE 9 1ST SUMMATIVE TEST

1ST TERM

1. law of inertia

2. law of acceleration

3. law of action and reaction or law of interaction

the 3 laws of motion

isaac newton

who created the 3 laws of motion

law of inertia

state that a body at rest will continue to be at rest

inertia

property of objects that makes them resist changes in their motion

normal force

a force that exists whenever an object is in contact with a surface

gravitational force

the downward force acting on an object

law of acceleration

states that acceleration is directly proportional to the net external force acting on an object and is inversely proportional to its mass

m/s²

SI unit for acceleration

N

SI unit for force

kg

SI unit for mass

law of interaction / law of action and reaction

states that every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction

electromagnetism

refers to a branch of physics that deals with the interactions of both electricity and magnetism

charge

a property of matter

electricity

flow of charges in a circuit

proton

positive charge

electron

negative charge

benjamin frankling

discovered electromagnetism

philadelphia

where did benjamin franklin conduct his experiment

1752

when did benjamin franklin conduct his experiment

electric circuit

a closed path or connected wires and is composed of different electrical components that allow electric current to pass through

battery

powers of the circuit

wire

where the current flows through

switch

turns on or off the flow of current

resistor

regulates the flow of current

light bulb

produces light

ammeter

measure the current that flows in the circuit

voltmeter

measures the voltage

open circuit

a circuit path is not complete and the current cant pass through

closed circuit

the circuit path is complete and the current can pass through

below 1 (mA)

current amount effect: safe

1-5 mA

current amount effect: slight shock; not painful

6-25 mA (women)

current amount effect: thrown from shock, injuries

9-30 mA (men)

current amount effect: respiratory arrest

1-4.3 A

current amount effect: heart may stop

10 A

current amount effect: severe burns and cardiac arrest

voltage

the pressure that is caused by the circuit’s power source

resistance

opposition on the direction of current in an electrical circuit

ohm’s law

establishes a direct proportionality among voltage, current, and resistance

georg simon ohm

created the ohm’s law

series connection

this type of connection connects circuit components using a single path

parallel connection

this type of connection connects resistors or light bulbs with more than one path; commonly used on homes

analog tester or digital multimeter

device that measures the voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit