ap psych 4.4

Perceptual Set

A tendency to perceive or notice some aspects of the available sensory data and ignore others.

Gestalt Psychology

We perceive whole objects or figures (gestalts) rather than just a collection of parts.

Figure Ground

refers to the ability to distinguish an object (figure) from its surroundings (ground

Monocular Depth Cues

Visual indicators of distance

Relative Clarity

A depth

Relative Size

Texture Gradient

The way we perceive texture to become denser and finer as it recedes into the distance

Linear Perspective

Interposition

Occurs when one object overlaps another

Binocular Depth Cues

Visual information that requires both eyes to percieve depth

Retinal Disparity

When each eye sees a slightly different picture because of their separate positions on our face.

Convergance

When our eyes moveinward towards each other to focus on a close object

Perceptual COnstancies

Our brain’s ability to see objects as unchanging, even when the image on our retina changes (such as size, shape, color)

Shape Constancy

Our ability to percieve an object as having the same shape, even when our angle view or distance from which we see the object changes.

Size Constancy

Our perception that an object remains the same size, even when its distance from us changes

Color Constancy

Ability to perceive colors of objects as stable under varying lighting conditions

Apparent Movement

The perception of motion when there isn’t any actual movement

Perceptual Adaptation

Our ability to adjust when we are constantly exposed to altered sensory information.