intro 2 anatomy

Axial Region

Cephalic (head)

Frontal

Orbital

Nasal

Oral

Mental

Cervical (neck)

Thoracic

Sternal

Axillary

Mammary

Abdominal

Umbilical

Pelvic

Inguinal (groin)

Pubic (genital)

Anterior/ventral

Appendicular region

Upper limb

Acromial

Brachial (arm)

Antecubital

Olecranal

Antebrachial (forearm)

Carpal (wrist)

Manus (hand)

Pollex

Metacarpal

Palmar

Digital

Lower Limb

Coxal (hip)

Femoral

Patellar

Popliteal

Cural (leg)

Sural (calf)

Fibular or peroneal

Pedal (foot)

Tarsal (ankle)

Calcaneal

Metatarsal

digital

Plantar

Hallux

Cephalic

Otic

Occipital (back of head)

Cervical

Back (dorsal)

scapular

Vertebral

Lumbar

Sacral

Gluteal

Perineal

Posterior/ dorsal

What is the order to get to an organism

atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, Organism!

define atatomy

study of structures

define physiology

study of function of those structures

what are the 10 organ systems

respiratory, circulatory, digestive, endocrine, reproductive, nervous/sensory, integumentary (skin), musculoskeletal, hematopoietic/lymphatic, excretory/urinary

what is the major function of respiratory system

breathing

what is the major function of circulatory system

blood circulation

what is the major function of digestive system

take in food and break down

what is the major function of endocrine system

make hormones

what is the major function of reproductive system

reproduction

what is the major function of nervous/sensory system

receive, interpret, and respond to environment

what is the major function of integumentary (skin) system

protects against damage; outside covering

what is the major function of musculoskeletal system

provides form, support, stability, and movement

what is the major function of hematopoietic/lymphatic system

protect from invaders and circulate fluid

what is the major function of excretory/urinary system

get rid of waste

what are the major organs in the excretory/urinary system

what are the major organs in the hematopoietic/lymphatic system

bone marrow, spleed, tonsils, lymph fluid, nodes, ducts

what are the major organs in the musculoskeletal system

muscles & bones

what are the major organs in the integumentary (skin) system

hair, skin, nails

what are the major organs in the nervous/sensory system

brain, nerves, sensory organs

what are the major organs in the reproductive system

ovaries

testes

what are the major organs in the endocrine system

a number of endocrine glands in the body

what are the major organs in the digestive system

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, appendix, pancreas

what are the major organs in the circulatory system

heart, arteries, veins, blood

what are the major organs in the respiratory system

lungs

trachea

describe the anatomical posittion

body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from the body

superior means….

towards the head

inferior means …..

towards the feet

anterior means…

toward the front

poste

cranial means…

towards the head

caudal means….

toward the feet

ventral means…

toward the front

dorsal means…..

toward the back

medial means…

towards the middle (mid line)

lateral means…

away from the middle (outsides)

proximal means…

to the trunk

distal means…

away from the trunk

superficial means..

near the surface

deep means…

deep into the skin

ipsilateral means…

same sides

contralateral means….

opposite sides

what does axial refer to

head neck trunk

appendicular refers to

limbs which are attached to the body’s axial

transverse plane