lipid metabolism

what are lipoproteins

Lipoproteins are molecules made of fat (lipid) and protein that help transport lipids (like cholesterol and triglycerides) through the bloodstream, which is water-based and can’t carry fats alone

what are the roles of lipoproteins

• Carry cholesterol and triglycerides to and from tissues

• Deliver energy (via triglycerides) to cells

• Help build cell membranes and hormones (via cholesterol)

what are the types of lipoproteins are there

• chylomicron

• VLDL

• IDL

• LDL

• HDL

funx of chylomicron

delivers dietary triglycerides to peripheral tissues and deliver cholesterol to the liver as chylomicron

funx of VLDL

delivers hepatic triglycerides to peripheral tissues

funx of IDL

delivers TG and cholesterol to the liver

funx of LDL

delivers hepatic cholesterol to peripheral tissues

funx of HDL

mediates reverse cholesterol transport from periphery to liver; aids in removal of tissue cholesterol

What is the most common cause of dyslipidemia?

lifestyle choices

what is hypertriglyceridemia

condition where you have elevated levels of triglycerides (a type of fat) in the blood.

What is the defect in Familial Hypercholesterolemia?

Defective LDL-receptor preventing clearance of LDL from the blood

Could also be defective apo B-100 which is ligand for the LDL receptor

what is the first line drug tx for high cholesterol

statins

what is obesity hypoventilation syndrome

breathing disorder that occurs in people with obesity, where the body fails to breathe deeply or frequently enough, especially during sleep — leading to too much carbon dioxide (CO₂) and not enough oxygen (O₂) in the blood

how to dx obesity hypoventilation syndrome

pulse oximetry should be Hb-O2 98%