Protists

Bio 102 Review

free-living

unattached

parasitic

a symbiotic relationship where one species benefit while the other is harmed

cilia

hairlike appendages used to propel

paramecium

uses cilia to propel itself

pseudopodia

a temporary arm like projection used to move

amoeba

uses pseudopia to anchor itself to a solid surface

flagella

a whip like tail used to propel forward

euglena

uses a flagellum

photoautotrophs

make their own food

heterotrophs

consume to get energy

mixotrophs

can be heterotrophs or photoautotrophs depending on circumstances

phagocytosis

how single cell organisms eat

symbionts

an organism living in symbiosis with another

asexual reproduction

mitosis self-duplication

binary fission

a form of asexual reproduction

budding

tiny buds that go on to divide and grow to the size of parental protists

sexual reproduction

meiosis common among protists and induces genetic variation

aquatic environment

any environment with some water

green algae

Chlorophyta and Charophyta (a group closely related to land plants) are types of green algae

red algae

multicellular organisms with ecological importance tied to agar and carrageenan

agar

ecologically important materials created by red algae

carrageenan

a binding agent made by red algae

brown algae

multicellular protist encompassing seaweed and kelp

diatoms

unicellular organisms that encompass phytoplankton and make a lot of oxygen

phytoplankton

microscopic plant plankton

silica

sand found in diatoms cell wall

valves

the cell wall is made of two valves with the larger one acting as a lid

diatomaceous earth

a fine off-white powder made from silica and used for things

zooflagellates

cause diseases like Trypanosoma and Giardia and Trichomonas in humans

amoeba

unicellular and eukaryotic protists including Entamoeba histolytica that causes a disease called amoebic dysentery in humans

pseudopods

what amoeba used to move and ingest food

phagolysosomes

amoebas use them to digest food

Cilia

have two nuclei called micronucleus and macronucleus

micronucleus

hereditary

macronucleus

metabolism

dinoflagellates

protists encased in armor with two flagella

bioluminescence

emitted by dinoflagellates

slime molds

protists that feed like fungi and make spores

decomposers

break down organic material to be recycled

saprobe

absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter

pathogenic parasites

must infect other organisms to survive and can cause Malaria and African sleeping sickness and giardia