Acids and bases

Acid

Solution that releases H+ ions into aqueous solutions
-more H+ ions, more acidic
-give away H+ ions

Strong acids = low pH
Dissociate (break apart into atoms) when in water

Weak = do not completely dissociate in water

Properties of acids

Taste sour
Conduct electricity
Corrosive (break down substances)
React strongly w/metals
Turns blue litmus paper red
pH less 7

Base

Solutions that forms hydroxide (OH-) ions when in water
-Akali
-Accept H+ ions

Properties of bases

Slippery
Bitter
Corrosive
Conduct electricity
Don’t react w/metals
Turns red litmus paper blue
pH ↑ 7

pH scale

pH = measure of how acidic or basic solution is

Acid - Base reactions

Acid + base react = neutralisation
Acid + base → salt + water

aq + aq + aq + l

Acid - Metal reactions

acid + metal → a salt + hydrogen (pop test)

aq + s + aq + g

Acid - Carbonate reactions

Acid  +  metal carbonate → salt (ionic compound) + water + carbon dioxide

aq + s + aq + l + g