Classical Conditioning: Pavlov's Experiment and Concepts

Ivan Pavlov

Russian physiologist known for classical conditioning research.

Classical Conditioning

Learning process where a neutral stimulus elicits a response.

Neutral Stimulus

Stimulus that initially does not trigger a response.

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

Stimulus that naturally triggers a response without learning.

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

Automatic response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus.

Acquisition

Initial learning stage linking conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Previously neutral stimulus that triggers a conditioned response.

Conditioned Response (CR)

Learned response to a conditioned stimulus after conditioning.

Extinction

Weakening of conditioned response when CS is presented alone.

Spontaneous Recovery

Reappearance of extinguished response after a time delay.

Stimulus Discrimination

Learning to respond differently to similar stimuli.

Stimulus Generalization

Conditioned response elicited by similar stimuli to CS.

Higher Order Conditioning

New CR established by pairing NS with CS.

Salivation

Reflexive response of dogs to food or stimuli.

Lab Assistant

Person who fed dogs, triggering salivation response.

Bell

Neutral stimulus used in Pavlov's conditioning experiment.

Food

Unconditioned stimulus that naturally triggers salivation.

Conditioning Trials

Repeated pairings of stimuli to establish associations.

Response Diminishment

Reduction in response strength due to lack of reinforcement.

Fear Response

Conditioned emotional reaction to a previously neutral stimulus.

Time Delay

Period of rest before reintroducing the conditioned stimulus.

Negative Experience

Past event causing fear or aversion to a stimulus.