Unit 2.2- States of consciousness practice test

The google forms practice test for the 2nd practice test, which deals with sleep, drugs, and other mental things.

Carrie’s EEG shows sleep spindles. Which stage of sleep is she in?

stage 2

A modern theory of dreams suggests that they are random neural activity weaved into a story. This is known as the __________theory of dreams.

activation-synthesis

Your friend insists that she rarely has dreams. What is the most likely explanation for this situation?

She probably has dreams every night, but only rarely remembers her dreams.

Your young child wakes up a few nights per month seemingly in a panic. She sits up in bed screaming and crying. You rush in to calm her and to see what is happening. The child usually returns to sleep and doesn’t remember this happening at all. What is the best explanation for this behavior?

She is probably experiencing night terrors, a fairly common event in early childhood.

Consciousness is

our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

A person whose EEG shows a high proportion of alpha waves is most likely

awake and relaxed

REM sleep is referred to as “paradoxical sleep” because:

the body’s muscles remain relaxed while the brain and eyes are active

Alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by

decreasing REM sleep

When researchers removed all time cues, such as light , clock, radio, and television, from subjects' environment, the length of the day expanded from 24 to about 25 hours. This phenomenon is known as:

The circadian rhythm

The hormone most closely related to one's sleep patterns is:

Melatonin

Which stage of sleep is characterized by delta waves?

Stage 3

Which stage of sleep has active beta waves?

REM sleep

Sleepwalking, bed wetting and night terrors are characteristic of which stage of sleep?

Stage 3

Which of the following is not a characteristic of REM sleep?

Delta waves

Repeated periods during sleep when a person stops breathing for 10 seconds or longer is known as

Sleep apnea

Irresistible attacks of sleepiness along with brief periods of REM is called

Narcolepsy

_____________ refers to an increased percentage of time spent in REM sleep when we are deprived of REM sleep on the previous night.

REM rebound

Approximately how long is each cycle of sleep?

90 min.

The idea that dreams represent wish fulfillment comes from which theory of dreams?

Freud's theory of dream interpretation

The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as

a circadian rhythm

Rafael has a sleep disorder for which he takes medically prescribed amphetamines. For which of the following sleep disorders is Rafael most likely being treated?

Narcolepsy

Which neurotransmitters does the substance nicotine mimic? 

epinephrine and norepinephrine

What hour would would you find the most delta waves?

1

What hour would you find a child in a night terror?

1, 3

What is the best hour to find someone sleepwalking?

1, 3

Sally says that her dream about going to a circus is just her brain attempting to make sense of random stimulation from the brain stem. Sally's explanation is consistent with which of the following theories of dreaming?

Activation-synthesis

What age gets more stage 3 sleep?

5 year old

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the

hippocampus

After flying from California to New York, Tim experienced a restless, sleepless night. His problem was most likely caused by a disruption of his normal

circadian rhythm

The pituitary gland releases a growth hormone during

Stage 3

The majority of our dreams occur in which stage of sleep?

REM sleep

Which of the following is acting on your body's natural produced endorphins?

heroin/opiates

Which of the following psychoactive drug blocks the reuptake of three of your major neurotransmitters; serotonin, norepinephrine & dopamine.

Cocaine

________________ are psychoactive drugs that depress the central nervous system, while _________________ stimulate the central nervous system.

Barbiturates; amphetamines

An individual who drinks alcohol daily finds if necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well-being attained in the past. This individual is showing

alcohol tolerance

All of the following are opiates except?

Cocaine

A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question?

Alcohol

Research indicates that alcohol

disrupts REM and the processing of recent experiences into long-term memories

An Agonist _______________; an Antagonist _____________.

Mimics; Blocks at the Postsynaptic gap