im gonna die

bruck

Endocrine system

• Made of glands

• Releases hormones 

• Homeostasis is often maintained by 2 hormones with opposing effect

• Increasing one hormone lead to the increase of another

Hormones

• Chemical messengers

• Bind to specific receptors or target cells 

• Slower effect than nervous system

Gland

An organ that produces and secreates a hormone

Hypothalamus

• Link between nervous system and endocrine system

• Controls the hormones of the pituitary

pituitary gland

• Base of brain

• Secretes hormones that control other glands and body directl

Hormone

Action

Follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) **	Production of eggs and sperm
Luteninizing hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth)	Prepares uterus for embryo Stimulates hormone relase of adrenal gland

Adrenal gland 

• Sit on top of kidney 

• Helps body deal with stress

Hormone

Action

adrenalin/epinephrine **

fight  or flight response Increase heart rate Air passages widen to take in more oxygen Release of extra glucose

Hormone

Action

(pancreas)

Insulin **	Takes glucose out of the blood to be stored Stored as glycogen
Glucagon	Breaks down glycogen to usable glucose

Thyroid

hormone	Action
Thyroxine	Increase metabolic rate of cells
Calcitonin	Reduces calcium levels in blood

Parathyroid

• Parathyroid hormone

Increase calcium, levels of blood

Ovaries

1. Estrogen

2. Progesterone

Testes

testosterone

Male reproductive system

Produce and release sperm

testes

• Primary reproductive organ 

• Produces testosterone 

• Formation of sperm

Seminiferous tubles

Sperm develop

Epididymis

Where sperm mature and stored

Vas deferens

Tube that leads to urethra

Glands that acid fluid to sperm to make semen:

1. Seminal vesicles 

2. Bulbourethral gland 

3. Prostate

(Sperm structure) Testosterone

• Growth of facial hair 

• Increased muscular development

• Deepening of voice 

Puberty

• Period of rapid growth

• Sexual maturation 

• Pituitary starts producing FSH and LH that affect testes or ovaries 

Ovaries

• Primary reproductive organ 

• Increase estrogen 

Produce secondary female characteristics 

ex/ breast development, start of menstrual cycle, hair

• Produces egg 

• Eggs are in follicles

Fallopian tube

Where fertilization occurs

Uterus 

Where embryo implants and develops

Menstruation

Egg formation and release

Follicular phase

• Estrogen levels low 

• Secreting LH and FSH 

• Follicle begins to mature

Ovulation

• As follicle grows, release lestrogem

• Burst of LH and FSH causes follicle to rupture 

• Egg is released into Fallopian tube

1. Luteal phase

• Ruptured follicle turns yellow

• Known as corpus luteum 

• Releases progesterone which thickens blood supply in uterus 

• Prevents FSH and LH

1. Menstruation

0 if egg not fertilized, lining of uterus is released from body 

Blame it on the hormones, who da man, one line or two, the growing fetus

Feterilization

• Occurs in fallopian tube

• Egg has binding sites for sperm to attach 

• Sperm enters ad ten egg forms a harder layer to 

Pervents other sperm from entering

Zygote

• Fertilized egg 

• When sperm meets egg

Implantaton

• The zygote starts mitosis 

• Beomes a blastocyst 

Hollow ball of cells 

• Attaches to uterine wall

Differentuation

• During the development of an organism

• Cells become specialized cells 

ex/ liver cell, brain cell, hair cell 

all cells have they same DNA  

Only certain genes are expressed to ecome different cells

Emhyro

Next eight weeks

Fetus

• Starts at ninth week

• Starts to look more like a baby

Membranes 

   a.) placenta

• Connection between mom and embryo 

• respiration , excretion, and nourishment

   b.) amnion

• Protective sac 

• Amniotic fluid cushions baby

c.) chorion

Connects amnion to uterus