Other High Yield PNLE Concepts (DOH Programs and Laws Governing Nursing)

Water Types / Water Supply Classification

Cholera

Typhoid fever

Dysentery

Hepatitis A

Diarrheal diseases

Most Common Waterborne Diseases

Toilet Facilities (1) review

Toilet Facilities (2) review

Sanitation principles

Fecal-Oral Transmission

Game Changer:

This route is a major transmission mode in foodborne illness. Disease spread pathway (Feces → Flies → Food/Water → Mouth → Disease)

Food safety principles (1)

Food safety principles (2)

Five Keys to Safer Food (WHO Based)

Food contamination types, diseases, and safety

Cleanliness prevents infection

Game Changer:

Most important principle in food safety is ___

Cross-contamination

Game Changer:

___ is a major cause of foodborne disease

5°C to 60°C

Game Changer:

Danger zone temperature

(Proper cooking kills pathogens)

Color Coding For Healthcare Waste

Proper healthcare waste segregation prevents infection transmission, occupational exposure, and environmental contamination. Waste should be segregated at the point of generation (where it is produced).

Black

Color Coding: ___

• General / Non-infectious waste

• Paper, cartons, food waste, office waste, packaging materials

• Regular municipal waste disposal

Yellow

Color Coding: ___

• Infectious / Pathological waste

• Blood-soaked materials, tissues, organs, body parts, laboratory waste, contaminated dressings

• Requires special treatment and safe disposal

Red

Color Coding: ___

• Sharps waste

• Needles, syringes, blades, scalpels, broken contaminated glass

• Place in puncture-resistant sharps container

Brown

Color Coding: ___

• Chemical and pharmaceutical waste

• Expired medicines, chemicals, disinfectants, laboratory reagents

• Requires specialized disposal

Blue

Color Coding: ___

• Radioactive waste

• Materials contaminated with radioactive substances

• Managed according to radiation safety protocols

Waste segregation summary table review

Examples of hospital wastes and their container review

Game Changer:

Principles of Waste Management

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

The ___ is a national program that aims to reduce illness, disability, and deaths caused by vaccine-preventable diseases by providing routine immunization services to infants, children, pregnant women, and other eligible groups.

It is a primary prevention strategy because it prevents disease before it occurs.

Republic Act No. 10152

Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011

RA 10152

A Philippine law that provides for mandatory basic immunization services for infants and children as part of the government’s public health program.

It supports the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) by ensuring that children receive essential vaccines against vaccine-preventable diseases.

Goals of EPI

Tuberculosis

BCG

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B vaccine

Poliomyelitis

OPV/IPV

Diphtheria

Pertussis

Tetanus (Tetanus-containing vaccines)

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)

Pentavalent vaccine

Pneumococcal disease

PCV

Measles

Measles-containing vaccine (MCV)

Rubella

Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine

Routine Immunization Schedule (Infants and Children) Review

Active and Passive

Types of immunization

Active Immunity

Body produces its own antibodies after exposure to antigen

Ex: Vaccination

Passive Immunity

Ready-made antibodies are given

Ex: Immunoglobulin administration

Cold chain

The ___ is the system used to maintain vaccines at the correct temperature from manufacture until administration. Maintaining this preserves vaccine potency.

+2°C to +8°C

Most vaccines storage temperature

Frozen vaccines (depending on type)

Vaccine stored according to manufacturer recommendation

Cold Chain Equipment

Hepatitis B birth dose

Game Changer:

___ should be given as early as possible after birth.

Correct vaccine

Correct dose

Correct route

Correct site

Correct schedule

5 C’s of vaccine administration

Immunization

Game Changer:

___ is considered one of the most cost-effective public health interventions.

Mild illness

Game Changer:

A ___ is generally not a contraindication to vaccination.

Do not repeat same vaccine

What is the nursing action before vaccination to severe allergic reaction to previous dose?

Evaluate specific vaccine safety

What is the nursing action for immunocompromised client before vaccination?

Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI)

Any unexpected health event occurring after vaccination.

Examples:

• Fever

• Pain/swelling at injection site

• Allergic reaction

Nursing management:

• Observe client

• Provide appropriate care

• Report serious events

R – Right vaccine

D – Right dose/date

S – Right site

Game Changer:

What do nurses check before giving vaccine? (RDS)

Vaccine Timing Review

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS (1)

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS (2)

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS (3)

PNLE High Yield DOH Program Grouping

National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP)

Game Changer:

Program that uses DOT for TB treatment?

IMCI

Game Changer:

Program for children below 5 with assessment and classification?

EPI

Game Changer:

Program responsible for routine vaccines?

Dengue Prevention and Control Program

Game Changer:

Program preventing mosquito breeding sites?

Universal Health Care (UHC)

Game Changer:

Program promoting access to healthcare for all Filipinos?

Environmental Health/WASH Program

Game Changer:

Program focusing on safe water and sanitation?

RA 9173 – Philippine Nursing Act

Governing Law for Nursing practice

RA 7305 – Magna Carta of Public Health Workers

Governing Law for Public health workers' rights

RA 10152 – Mandatory Immunization Act

Governing Law for Immunization

RA 11223 – Universal Health Care Act

Governing Law for Universal healthcare

RA 11036 – Mental Health Act

Governing Law for Mental health

RA 11166 – Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act

Governing Law for HIV/AIDS

RA 10028 + EO 51 – Milk Code

Governing Law for Breastfeeding

RA 10354 – RH Law

Governing Law for Family planning

RA 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act

Governing Law for Waste management

RA 10121 – DRRM Act

Governing Law for Disaster management

RA 7610 – Child Abuse Law

Governing Law for Child protection

RA 9482 – Anti-Rabies Act

Governing Law for Rabies prevention