Theoretical Explanations of Poverty

Flashcards on Theoretical Explanations of Poverty

According to the functionalist perspective, what social function does poverty serve?

Ensures a labor force for low-wage jobs and motivates individuals to work harder.

What is a criticism of the functionalist perspective on poverty?

It justifies social inequality and overlooks structural factors that contribute to poverty.

According to the conflict perspective, what is the primary cause of poverty?

Economic inequality arising from the exploitation of the working class by the wealthy.

How do conflict theorists view social institutions like education and government?

As designed to maintain the status quo and protect the interests of the wealthy.

What is 'false consciousness' according to the conflict perspective?

When the working class internalizes ideologies that justify their exploitation and fail to challenge the system.

What is the Culture of Poverty theory?

Poverty is perpetuated by distinct cultural values, beliefs, and behaviors passed down through generations.

According to Oscar Lewis's theory, what is a characteristic of people living in poverty?

Fatalism, helplessness, and resignation.

What behaviors are associated with the Culture of Poverty theory contribute to the persistence of poverty across generations?

Prioritizing immediate needs over long-term planning and lower emphasis on education.

A common criticism of the Culture of Poverty theory is that it blames whom?

Individuals for their poverty rather than addressing structural factors.

What is the main idea behind the Cultural Deprivation Theory of poverty?

Individuals from lower socio-economic backgrounds lack cultural resources necessary for success in society.

What does 'cultural capital' refer to?

Non-financial social assets, such as education, intellect, and style of speech, that promote social mobility.

What impact does limited language skills have according to the Cultural Deprivation Theory?

Hinders academic achievement and reduces opportunities for social mobility.

According to the cultural deprivation theory, what can a lack of social norms and values result in?

Struggling to integrate into higher socio-economic circles and professional environments.

What is a core criticsm of the Cultural Deprivation Theory?

It blames individuals for their poverty by focusing on their deficiencies rather than addressing systemic issues.