Unit 8: Ecology (copy)

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Phototropism

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29 Terms

1

Phototropism

________ refers to the way plants respond to sunlight- for example, bending toward light.

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2

Habituation

________ is another form of learning.

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3

Endotherms

________ are animals that generate their own body heat through metabolism.

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4

Toxins

________ in an ecosystem are concentrated and more dangerous for animals further up the pyramid.

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5

Plants

________ flower in response to changes in the amount of daylight and darkness they receive.

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6

Ectotherms

________ lack an internal mechanism to control body temperature.

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7

Commensalism

________- in which one organism lives off another with no harm to the host organism (for example, the remora)

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8

Exponential growth

________ occurs very quickly, resulting in a J- shaped curve.

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9

Thigmotropism

________ refers to the way plants respond to touch.

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10

food chain

In a(n) ________, only about 10 percent of energy is transferred from one level to the next- this is the 10 % rule.

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11

Biosphere

________: The entire part of the Earth where living things exist.

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12

Parasitism

________- in which the organism actually harms its host.

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13

Territoriality

________ is a common behavior when food and nesting sites are in short supply.

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14

Instinct

________ is an inborn, unlearned behavior.

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15

Lichens

________ are considered pioneer organisms.

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16

chemical signals

Pheromones, are ________ between members of the same species that stimulate olfactory receptors and ultimately affect behavior.

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17

Dominance hierarchies

________ (pecking orders) occur when members in a group have established which members are the most dominant.

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18

Mutualism

________- in which both organisms win (for example, the lichen components)

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19

Net productivity

________ measures organic materials that are left over after photosynthetic organisms have taken care of their own cellular energy needs.

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20

tropism

A(n) ________ is a turning in response to a stimulus.

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21

behavior brought

Learning refers to a change in a(n) ________ about by an experience.

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22

maximum number of individuals

Carrying capacity- the ________ of a species that a habitat can support.

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23

energy flow

The ________, biomass, and numbers of members within an ecosystem can be represented in an ecological pyramid.

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24

Altruistic behavior

________ is defined as unselfish behavior that benefits another organism in the group at the individuals expense because it advances the genes of the group.

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25

Population growth

________ can be represented as the number of births minus the number of deaths divided by the size of the population.

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26

Exponential growth

________ occurs when a population is in an ideal environment.

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27

Biosphere

The entire part of the Earth where living things exist

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28

Ecosystem

The interaction of living and nonliving things

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29

r = (births

deaths)/N (r is the reproductive rate, and N is the population size.)

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