Chapter 14: Reproductive System

What are the male gonads?

Testes.

What do testes produce?

Sperm and testosterone.

What is the sperm pathway during ejaculation?

Epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra → outside body.

What gland produces much of seminal fluid?

Seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands contribute to semen.

What are the female gonads?

Ovaries.

What do ovaries produce?

Ova, estrogen, and progesterone.

What is ovulation?

Release of an egg from an ovary.

Where does fertilization usually occur?

Fallopian tube.

Where does implantation occur?

Uterine lining/endometrium.

What is menstruation?

Shedding of the uterine lining when pregnancy does not occur.

What is menopause?

Permanent end of menstruation, usually after 12 months without a period.

What is BPH?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia; enlarged prostate causing urinary symptoms.

What is HPV associated with?

Genital warts and cervical cancer risk.

What screening detects cervical cell changes?

Pap test/Pap smear.

What is the MA role during reproductive exams?

Prepare patient, assist provider, maintain privacy, label specimens, and document as directed.

What position is used for Pap smear/pelvic exam?

Lithotomy position.

What should an MA do with a patient concern about STI symptoms?

Maintain confidentiality, document, and notify the provider; do not diagnose.