Informal Commands (Positive and Negative), IOPS vs. DOPS

Mandatos informales

Commands to ONE person (a friend).

Positive Informal Commands:

Take the tu form of the present tense and drop the “s”

Or use the third person present tense

Positive Informal Commands Examples:

Same ar/er form

Chatea tú!

Lee tú!

Busca tú!

Informal Commands- Irregular Verbs:

Venir- Ven

Decir- Di

Salir- Sal

Hacer- Haz

Tener- Ten

Ir- Ve (Vayas in informal command)

Poner- Pon

Negative Informal Commands:

Use the yo form in the present tense

Get rid of the letter o

Add the opposite endings.

Ar Verbs= Es

Er/ Ir Verbs= As

Negative Informal Commands Examples:

It has opposite endings in the negative informal command.

No chatees tú! (Don chat!)

No leas tú! (Do not read!)

No imprimas tú! (Do not print!)

Irregular Verbs in Negative Informal Commands (DISHES):

Add an s.

Dar— No des

Ir— No vayas

Ser— No seas

Haber— No hayas

Estar— No estés

Saber— No sepas

Ser Positive and Negative Command EXS:

Sé amable

No seas fastidiosa.

Reflexive Verbs Informal Command Examples:

Suscribirse Reflexive:

Positive: Suscríbete

Negative: No te suscribas (Must be separated because its negative)

Duchar: Dúchate (Take a shower)

Vestir— Vistete (Get dressed)

IOPS AND DOPS Formula:

Subject/ IOP DOP/ Conjugated Verb

IOP: Person

DOP: Item/object

IOPS Vs. DOPS Sentence Example:

La profesora da tarea a los estudiantes.

IO (Person): Los estudiantes= Les

DO (Object): Tarea= La

New Sentence: La profesora les la da becomes La profesora se la da.

We can’t have les la, so it becomes se la.

DOPS:

Me, te, lo/la, nos, os, Los/las

OBJECTS

IOPS:

Me, te, le, nos, os, les

-Used with verbs like gustar

PEOPLE

IOPS AND DOPS and Commands Examples:

Attach IOP/ DOP to command form.

Give me the phone= Dame el teléfono.

DO= El teléfono IO= Me

Give it to me= Dámelo

Give it to her= Dáselo

One syllable command= On the 3rd syllable counting from the left.

Send it to us: Mándanosla= On the fourth syllable counting from the right since it has more than one syllable.

Negative Commands with DOPS/ IOPS:

Don’t send it (F) to us: No nos la mande.

-Separate the dops/ iops since it is negative.

Bring them (F) to us (Commands and DOP/IOP):

Traénoslas

How to know where to put the accents:

One IOP: Add an accent on the third vowel from the left (One syllable).

IOP + DOP: Add an accent on the fourth vowel from the left (More than one syllable).

Know positive and negative command examples:

Positive (We keept the usted form and do NOT switch ar and er endings):

Aprende dos palabras cada dia.

Habla español con otra personas.

Negative (For these, we switch the ar and er endings):

No uses el traductor de Google.

No pares de aprender

No utilices chatgpt.

No evites tu tarea.

No converses en inglés.