AP LANG: Lesson 1 &2

Credo, Credere, Credidi, Creditum

Definition: to believe.

accredit

Definition: To authorize; to certify; to believe.

“the exam board refused to accredit the course”

Credo, Credere, Credidi, Creditum

Definition: to believe.

accredit

Definition: To authorize; to certify; to believe.

“the exam board refused to accredit the course”

credence

Definition: Belief; acceptance as true.

EX. "And so I didn't trust emotion, or give it much credence."

creditable

Definition: Deserving praise.

EX. “This is a very creditable performance.”

credulous/credulity

Definition: Believing too easily; gullible.

EX."But then, there's no ear more credulous than the one that yearns to believe."

credulous/credulity ANTONYM

Incredulous: (of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something.

creed

Definition: A statement of belief or principle.

EX. "What have been the features of this creed that has dominated political life?"

DEUS

Definition: “god”

Deify/Deification

Definition: To make a god of.

EX. In order to deify themselves and thus gain political power, Egyptian pharaohs claimed to descent from Horus, the sun god.

Deity

Definition: A god or goddess.

EX. "Zeus was the chief deity of ancient Greece"

Divino, Divinare, Divinavi, Divinatum

Definition: To foretell. To predict.

Divinus

divine

divine

Definition: To foretell by supernatural means.

EX. In some cultures, people seek to cure disease by consulting a shaman, a healer who enters the spirit world to divine the causes of illness.

Divine (2)

Definition: To know by intuition or insight.

EX. Without a word, my friend divined my stress.

Divinity

Definition: A god or godess, a divine being.

EX. “The hindu divinity Durga is a warrior goddess..”

divinity (2)

Definition: The state of being divine.

EX. Christians believe in the divinity of Jesus Christ

divinity (3)

Definition: The study of Christian theology.

EX. She has a Doctorate in Divinity from Georgetown University.

Theos

“God”

apotheosis

Definition: making God of something; deification.

EX. The Romans had, up to the end of the Republic, accepted only one official apotheosis; the god Quirinus, whatever his original meaning, having been identified with Romulus.

apotheosis (2)

Definition: Gloried ideal; an essence.

EX. For many Britons Queen Victoria was the apotheosis of the British Empire.

Theocracy

Definition: Government by divine power or priests.

EX. "First he debunks the criticism that the constitution establishes an Islamic theocracy.”

Theology

Definition: The study of religion.

EX. "He must be committed to and must have studied Reformed and Baptist theology."

atheist

Definition: A person who believes there is no God.

EX. "He is a committed atheist"

Pantheism

Definition: The doctrine that the universe conceived of as a whole is God and, conversely, that there is no God but the combined substance, forces, and laws that are manifested in the existing universe.

EX. She also expressed a belief in pantheism, viewing the physical universe as a body with divine energy.

Pantheon

Definition: All the gods of a people or religion. (When capitalized, Pantheon refers to the circular domed temple in Rome built in 27 B.C and dedicated to all the gods).

EX. The ancient greek pantheon was composed of goods and goddesses who were brothers and sisters.

Sacer

sacred

consecrate

Definition: To make or declare something sacred.

EX. "In a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract."

consecrate(2)

Definition: To dedicate something to a goal.

EX. The March of Dimes consecrates its resources to research on birth defects.

execrate

Definition: To denounce as vile or evil; to curse; to detest.

EX. Archaeologists execrate the destruction of Inca works of art by Spanish conquistadores, who melted priceless gold objects into ingots for easy shipment back to Spain.

sacrament

Definition: Something considered to have sacred significance.

EX. "Susanna's music / ... plays /*On the clear viol of her memory, / And makes a constant sacrament of praise."—Wallace Stevens

sacrilege

Definition: Disrespect to something regarded as sacred.

EX. "The existing industrial order tends to recklessness and sacrilege in the treatment of natural resources.

sacrosanct

Definition: Sacred (often used ironically).

EX. In Bless Me, Ultima the Luna family of traditional farmers regards the earth as sacrosanct.

Sanctus

holy

sanctimonious

Definition: Pretending to be righteous.

EX. I resented his sanctimonious allusions to my laziness when he led such a sedentary life himself.

sanction

Definition: Approval; support; permission.

EX. A young person under eighteen must have written parental sanction to serve in the military.

sanction (2)

Definition: (usually plural) A penalty for breaking with law or custom.

EX. The senator called for sanctions against companies that continued to pollute the Great Lakes.

sanction (3)

Definition: To approve, to encourage.

EX. Before a new medicine can be sold in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration must sanction it as safe.

sanctity

Definition: A sacred place; any place of refuge.

EX. During the uprising of peasants the royal family took sanctuary in an abbey.

Hieros

Holy, sacred, supernatural

hierarchy

definition: a group organized by a rank

EX. In the hierarchy of the British nobility, a duke or duchess ranks above a baron or baroness.

hieroglyphic

Definition: Written with pictures to represent sounds or meanings of words.

EX. Although scholars have deciphered only a few ancient Mayan hieroglyphic forms, they can recognize those representing dates: one picture indicates the name of the ruler and another the year of that ruler's reign.

Pio, Piare, Piavi, Piatum

to appease, to purify with sacred rites

Expiate

Definition: To make amends for; to atone for.

EX. Since World War II, many Germans have attempted to expiate Nazi atrocities against Jews by both public and private support of Israeli institutions.

Piety

definition: Religious devotion; great respect toward something, especially parents.

EX. "The Child is father of the Man; / And I could wish my days to be / Bound each to each by natural piety.

impious

Definition: Sacrilegious; profane; lacking appropriate reverence or respect.

EX. Many Native Americans regard displays of their ancestors' bones and burial artifacts in museums as an impious disturbance and are de manding their return to the earth.

pittance

definition: A meager portion of anything, especially an allowance or salary.

EX. Although paid only a pittance for a twelve-hour day, agricultural workers flocked to England's nineteenth-century mill towns rather than face starvation on the farm.