AP Psych -Memory Mysteries Unit 2.7

The Forgetting Curve

graphical representation of the rate at which memory fades over time

• Memory loss is fastest soon after learning, as the brain deems some information non-essential

Encoding Failure

occurs when information does not enter long-term memory due to inadequate processing at the time of encoding

• Failure to focus adequately on the material prevents the formation of strong memory traces

• Not linking new information to existing knowledge can hinder its transfer to long-term memory

Proactive Interference (P for Prior or Pre-existing)

occurs when older memories inhibit the ability to learn and remember new information.

• More likely to occur when the old and new information are similar

Retroactive Interference (R for Recent)

occurs when new learning impairs the recall of previously encoded information. 

• Especially impactful when the old and new information are closely related.