science- year 7

all year 7 stuff

cell

the basic unit that is the fundementle molecules of life and that all living things are made of

what is this a diagram of

an animal cell

what is this a diagram of

palisade cell (plant cell)

nucleus- animal and plant

controls the cell. chromosones are found here (DNA)

cytoplasm- animal and plant

jelly like substance, where most chemical occurences take place

cell wall- plant

strengthens the cell

cell membrane- animal and plant

controls what goes in and out

ribosomes- animal and plant

where proteins are made

vacuole- plant

stores substances

chloroplasts- plant

photosynthisis

mitochondria- animal and plant

powerhouse of the cell

root hair cell- plant cell

takes up water and minerals from the soil

palisade cell

carries out photosynthesis

white blood cell

fights invading germs

nervous system cell

carries nerve impulses over long distances

ciliated epithelial cell

little hair like cilia beat to move mucus carrying trapped dirt towards the throat

red blood cell

carry oxygen around the body

muscle cell

allows movement

look at the diagram, then cover it and try to remember all the parts

microscope

tube

holds lenses and keeps all light out

mirror/ light source

reflects the light through the specimin

stage

to hold the slide in place

objective lenses

the lens at the lower end of tube.

eyepeice

where you look through

how do you work out how many times your object is being magnefied

total magnification = power of eye peice x power of the objective lens

unicellualar organism

an organism that only has one cell

multicellular organism

an organism that has multiple cells

diffusion

when particles move from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration

variable

the characteristics of the object

value

the amount

continuous variable

the thing you measure

independent variable

the thing you change

dependent variable

the thing you measure

control variable

the thing that stays the same

when plotting a graph where does the independent variable go?

x axis

when plotting a graph where does the dependent variable go?

y axis

anomalies

the values that do not fit the pattern in results

categoric variables

they have values that are labels

kinetic energy

energy formed from movement

light energy

hot objects release this energy

sound energy

energy made from sound vibrations

thermal energy(internal energy)

energy an object stores because it is hot

electrical energy

the energy carried by and electrical current in a circuit

gravitational potential energy

the energy an object stores because it is high up

elastic potential (spring) energy

stretched/ squashed spring can store energy that can be released later

nuclear energy

stored in atoms and is released in nuclear power stations and the sun

chemical energy

the bonding between atoms. the energy inside the bond is the chemical energy

solar cells

light energy is transferred from teh sun to the solar cell which makes electrical energy.

wave

kinetic energy is transferred from the water to the generator which transforms it into electrical energy

wind

kinetic energy is transferred from the moving air to the wind turbine, which transforms it into electrical energy

hydroelectric

a change in gravitatinoal potential energy causes water to gain kinetic energy making it into electrical energy

solar heating

light energy and heat energy from sun makes water hot - thermal energy

geothermal

naturally occuring radioactive substance

tidal

a change in gravitational energy causes the water to gain kinetic energy which turns a generator making it into electricity

fossil fuels

coal, oil, gas

chemical energy stored in coal millions of years ago is released in heat energy when coal is burnt

nuclear

nuclear energy to thermal energy to kinetic energy to electrical energy converts nuclear energy to thermal energy as particles change

renewable energy sources

energy sources that will never run out. for example solar energy, wind energy

non- renewable energy sources

energy sources that will run out. for example coal, oil, gas

name 1 benifit of renewable energy sources

better for environment

name 1 benifit of non-renewable energy sources

high level of energy release per amount of source

attract

pulls together

repel

pushes apart

what is a cell

a chemical pump

what is this a diagram of?

cell

what is this a diagram of?

switch

what is this a diagram of?

battery

what is this a diagram of?

ammeter

what is this a diagram of?

a lamp

what is this a diagram of?

junction between wires

what is this a diagram of?

a resistor

current

speed of moving charge

charge

a property of matter that can be positive or negative and causes objects to attract or repel

electron

tiny negatively charged partciles that orbit the nucleus in the centre of a atom

force

push/ pull that acts on another object

insulator

materials that dont allow electricity through

conductor

materials that allow electricity through

circuit

loop where electricity flows

cell

power source in circuit

series circuit

where all circuit elements are arranged in one path

parallel circuits

where circuit elements have multiple pahts

resistance

measure of how difficult it is for current to flow

matter

everything in the universe

particle

what makes up matter

property

stuff that something has

substance

a pure form of matter

melt

solid> liquid

fluid

liquid, water

freeze

liquid> solid

boil

liquid> gas

solid

hard form, cannot be compressed

liquid

water, cannot be compressed

gas

can be compressed

condense

to make smaller

evaporate

when heated, makes gas

classify

put things into categories

melting point

the temperature at which a certain thing melts

boiling poing

the temperature at which a certain thing boils

volume

liquid amount

compress

make something smaller

diffusion

to make something into a gas