edx Chemistry English Vocabulary

discrete

ayrık, ayrı

divisible

bölünebilir

Aristotle

Aristoteles

peers of the day

o günün emsalleri

continuum theory of matter

The continuum theory, originally articulated by Aristotle, posits that matter is continuous and infinitely divisible, rather than composed of discrete particles. Within this framework, matter can be divided into progressively smaller portions without ever losing its fundamental nature.

acumulation of observation

Scientists gather repeated observations, and when enough are accumulated, they can identify patterns, laws, or theories.

Phlogiston Theory

Proposed by Johann Joachim Becher (1669) and later developed by Georg Ernst Stahl.

• Phlogiston theory: All combustible materials contain a substance called phlogiston, which is released during burning.

• Phlogisticated air: Air that had absorbed phlogiston and could no longer support combustion.

• Dephlogisticated air: Discovered later by Joseph Priestley (1774), which we now know as oxygen.

Boyle’s Law

The pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice versa, when the temperature is held constant.

dephlogisticated air

An old term from the Phlogiston theory era, discovered by Joseph Priestley (1774), oxygen, air that allows things to burn.

vigorously

güçlü şekilde, şiddetle, kuvvetle

mercury

Hg, A silvery liquid metal at room temperature
Used in thermometers, barometers, and some electrical devices

Quantitatively

in terms of quantity or measurable amount

in terms of

açısından

burning event

It’s a combustion reaction, usually involving a fuel + oxygen → products + energy.

Law of Conservation of Mass

This law was formulated by Antoine Lavoisier in the 18th century and is a fundamental principle in chemistry

• Mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; it can only change forms.

• Total mass of reactants = Total mass of products

Chemical equation

a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols.

in an analogous way

in a similar manner or by comparison

Examples:

• Electrons move around the nucleus of an atom. In an analogous way, planets orbit the sun.

• Heat spreads through metals by conduction. In an analogous way, electricity flows through a wire.

algebraic equation

A mathematical statement that shows two expressions are equal, usually involving numbers, variables, and algebraic operation

reactants

reaktantlar, girenler

products

ürünler

isolated

Separating a substance or organism for study

characterized

Analyzing a substance to identify its properties or structure.

savvy

practical knowledge, understanding, or shrewdness.

current

akım

In gases, the particles have complete freedom from each other

Gazlarda, parçacıklar birbirlerinden tamamen bağımsızdır

In the gas state, there is a lot of empty space between the particles.

Gaz halinde, parçacıklar arasında çok fazla boş alan vardır.

Gas particles can be squeezed closer together.

Therefore, gases are compressible.