2.3: Exchange in the Indian Ocean 1200-1450 A

Indian Ocean

Linked societies by sea; the largest sea-based trade network before the Atlantic in the 1500s.

Trade Goods

Porcelain from China, spices from SEA, cotton/spices from India, ivory/gold from East Africa; bulk goods included wheat, sugar, and rice.

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds which were used by traders to power ships after understanding their patterns.

Maritime Innovations

Innovations such as the magnetic compass, astrolabe (for calculating latitude), and Chinese junks (large flat-bottomed ships with square sails for carrying goods).

Growth of Indian Ocean Trade Routes

The trade routes existed before 1200 but saw greatest growth from 1200-1450, especially during the Tang and Song dynasties.

Islam's influence on Trade

Islam promoted merchant activity and large Islamic empires facilitated extensive trade across vast areas.

Srivijaya Kingdom

A Buddhist empire that controlled trade in Indonesia along key trade routes and cities from around 600 to 1200.

Swahili Civilization

A series of commercial city-states that emerged in the 8th century, trading in gold, ivory, and slaves, with a growing merchant class.

Swahili Language

A fusion of native Bantu language and Arabic, influenced by Muslim merchants.