Social 30-2 Liberal Democracy

Democracy

A system of government in which the power lies with the people, who elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf, ensuring individual rights and freedoms.

Guiding principles that act as the foundation of democracy

Fundamental freedoms, free and fair elections, accountability and transparency, the rule of law, citizen participation

Consent of the governed

The principle that the legitimacy of a government derives from the agreement and approval of its citizens, who have the right to withdraw consent if their rights are not upheld.

Accountability and Transparency in a democracy

Elected representatives are held accountable for their actions and must keep citizens informed

Citizen participation

The active involvement of individuals in the democratic process, including voting, community engagement, and dialogue with elected officials to influence policies and decisions.

Rule of Law

The principle that all individuals and institutions, including the government, are subject to and accountable under the law which must be fairly applied and enforced.

Free and Fair elections

are elections conducted impartially, without discrimination or intimidation, ensuring equal opportunity for all candidates and voters.

Fundamental freedoms

are the basic rights and liberties that protect individual autonomy and ensure democratic participation, including freedom of expression, assembly, and religion.

Fundamental freedoms are protected by the charter of rights and freedoms

true

What was created in 1982

The charter of rights and freedoms

7 sections that define our rights

• Fundamental

• democratic

• mobility

• legal

• equality

• official language

• minority language education

When are elections legally required to be held?

every 5 years

When were all restrictions finally removed from who was and was not allowed to vote?

1960

what is the dominion elections act?

A law that governs the conduct of federal elections in Canada, outlining the rules for voter eligibility, candidate nominations, and voting procedures.

Direct Democracy

a system of government in which citizens directly participate in decision-making and policy formation, rather than through elected representatives.

What is the steps of an election?

1. Announcment of the election date

2. Nominating candidates that want to run for office

3. Voting, citizens cast their ballots

4. Counting the votes

5. Declaring the results, a new leader is appointed

Federal Government

Are members of parliament. They gather to discuss and pass laws in the house of commons. The federal government is responsible for national and international affairs.

Provincial/Territorial Government

Members of legislative assembly. They handle all regional issues such as health care delivery, education, natural resources, and transportation/highways.

Local and municipal government

councillors. They represent the interests of cities, towns, and villages. i.e. waste removal, water and sewage, libraries, parks and recreation

exective branch

Prime minister, runs daily affairs of the government

Legislative

House of commons and senate, they pass or repeal any federal law

Judiciary

Supreme court, determines if the laws line up with the rights and freedoms that are outlined in the charter

What is the multiculturalism act

A policy in Canada that recognizes and promotes the cultural diversity of its citizens, ensuring equality for all cultural groups.

Repatriation of the consitution

The process of bringing the Constitution of Canada under Canadian control in 1982, including the introduction of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Bill 101

A Quebec law enacted in 1977 that established French as the official language of the province, aiming to protect and promote the French language and culture.